Everything you need to Know about Autoimmune Disease | Plexus

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What are autoimmune diseases?

• Autoimmune diseases corrupt our healthy immune
  system and make them attack healthy cells.
• Most are degenerative and life-threatening.

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Types of Autoimmune Diseases
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Autoimmune diseases of joints and muscles

• Rheumatoid Arthritis
• Immune system attacks the joints
• Symptoms soreness, stiffness, redness, and
  warmth in joints
• Psoriasis
• Skin cells multiply at a rapid pace leading to
  extra build-up
• Symptoms inflamed, red/purple patches with
  silver white/brown/gray scales all over the body
• 30 of psoriasis patients also experience
  swelling, stiffness, and pain in their joints.
  This condition is called psoriatic arthritis.

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Autoimmune diseases of joints and muscles

• Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
• Affects joints, kidneys, heart, brain, among
  other organs
• Earliest symptoms Rashes
• Sjörgens Syndrome
• Affects glands that secrete lubrication for the
  eyes and mouth
• Symptoms Dry mouth, dry eyes, dry skin,
  muscle/joint pain, rashes, fatigue, vaginal
  dryness

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Autoimmune diseases of the nervous system

• Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
• Disrupts nerve impulses that help the brain to
  control muscle and movement
• Symptoms Drooping eyelids, speech trouble,
  dysphagia, double vision, limb weakness,
  inability to hold neck up
• Multiple Sclerosis
• Attacks the central nervous system by damaging
  the myelin sheath
• Symptoms Fatigue, vision problems, numbness,
  tingling, muscle weakness, osteoporosis

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Autoimmune diseases of the skin

• Dermatomyositis
• Affects skin and weakens muscle
• Type of myopathy
• Leads to severe respiratory problems
• Symptoms Dysphagia, reddish purple skin,
  shortness of breath, stiffness, weakness,
  soreness
• Psoriasis (refer to slide 4)

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Autoimmune diseases of the digestive tract

• Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
• Inflammation along the lining the intestinal wall
• Symptoms Diarrhoea, rectal bleeding, fever,
  weight loss, anaemia, abdominal pain,
  malnutrition and delayed growth (in children)
• Crohns disease - inflammation along any part of
  the GI tract (from mouth to anus)
• Ulcerative colitis - inflammation along the
  lining of the large intestine and rectum
• Celiac Disease
• Attacks small intestine
• Triggered by gluten
• Symptoms Diarrhoea/ constipation, recurrent
  stomach ache, cramping, bloating, anaemia,
  fatigue, nausea, vomiting, folic acid deficiency

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Autoimmune diseases of the endocrine system

• Graves Disease
• Attacks the thyroid gland
• Results in hyperthyroidism
• Symptoms Mood swings, fatigue, irregular
  heartbeat, weight loss, profuse sweating,
  frequent bowel movements
• Hashimotos Thyroiditis
• Slows down the secretion of thyroid hormone
• Leads to hypothyroidism
• Symptoms Mild weight gain, constipation, dry
  skin, lethargy, joint stiffness, muscle pain,
  bradycardia

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Autoimmune diseases of the endocrine system

• Addisons Disease
• Attacks the adrenaline glands
• Disrupts production of cortisol, aldosterone, and
  androgen hormones
• Symptoms Lethargy, muscle weakness,
  irritability, unintentional weight loss, salt
  cravings, increased thirst
• Other autoimmune diseases
• Type 1 Diabetes
• Autoimmune Vasculitis Caused by inflammation
  that narrows veins and arteries
• Pernicious Anaemia Disturbs stomachs lining,
  leads to vitamin B12 deficiency

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Risk factors of autoimmune diseases

• Family history
• Smoking
• Exposure to toxins
• Obesity
• Side effects of certain medications
• Being female - nearly 78 of autoimmune disease
  patients are women
• Already having one type of autoimmune disease

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Diagnosing autoimmune diseases

• Based on your symptoms, age, and medical history,
  the following tests may be advised by your
  neurologist
• Antinuclear Antibody Test (ANA)
• Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)
• Complete Blood Count (CBC)

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Stem cell therapy for autoimmune diseases

• Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) immunomodulatory,
  tissue-protective and repair-promoting properties
  have helped improve the quality of life of
  patients with autoimmune conditions, manage their
  symptoms, and also regulate the immune system.
• Plexus uses either autologous mesenchymal cells
  or cord cells depending upon the patient's
  condition.
• To know more, reach out to us today.
• WhatsApp [phone]
• Call 91 78159 64668 (Hyderabad) 91 82299
  99888 (Bangalore)