Israel-Palestine Conflict

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PLUTUS IAS
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Israel-Palestine Conflict

• GS2 International Relations

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Israel-Palestine Conflict

• The issue of "Israel-Palestine Dispute" is
  discussed in this article under "Daily Current
  Affairs". The UPSC CSE exam's International
  Relations portion makes use of this subject. the
  article is penned by Rishabh and reviewed by our
  faculty Dr. Bijendra Kumar Jha.

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Israel-Palestine Conflict

• In the 19th century, Palestine had a diverse
  population, with approximately 86 Muslims, 10
  Christians, and 4 Jews living together
  harmoniously.
• European Zionists emerged in the late 1800s,
  aiming to establish a Jewish homeland. They chose
  Palestine as their destination.
• Adolf Hitler's rise to power in Germany led to
  increased Jewish immigration to Palestine,
  escalating tensions.

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1947-1949 War

• Hostilities erupted soon after the UN's 1947
  Resolution.

• On May 14, 1948, the British Mandate expired, and
  Britain declared the establishment of a Jewish
  State in Eretz-Israel, leading to the 1948
  Arab-Israeli War.
• Israel occupied 78 of Palestine by the war's end.

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1967 War (Six-Day War)

• In the 1967 Six-Day War, Israeli forces launched
  a successful attack on Egypt.
• Israel occupied the remaining 22 of Palestine,
  including the West Bank and Gaza Strip.
• Parts of Egypt were occupied and later returned,
  while some areas in Syria remain under Israeli
  occupation.

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Oslo Peace Process (1993)

• In 1993, Israeli and Palestinian leaders reached
  a significant agreement in Oslo, aiming for a
  two-state solution to resolve the conflict.

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About Hamas

• Hamas is a major Palestinian militant Islamist
  organization, governing over two million
  Palestinians in Gaza.
• It is designated a terrorist group by multiple
  countries.
• Founded in the late 1980s during the first
  intifada, it evolved from the Palestinian Muslim
  Brotherhood.
• Hamas emerged due to a sense of failure within
  the Palestinian national movement, opposing the
  PLO's recognition of Israel and shift away from
  armed struggle.
• It gained prominence by opposing the Oslo Peace
  Accords.
• Key conflicts include the deadly 2014
  confrontation and the 2021 violence following
  clashes in Jerusalem's Al Aqsa compound, marked
  by rocket attacks from Gaza and Israeli
  airstrikes, lasting 11 days.

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