Les SIG applique au développement local au Cameroun

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Topic GENERATION CRISIS AND LAND MANAGEMENT IN
OBALA SUB-DIVISION. CASE STUDY OF MFOMAKAP,
NKOMETOU 2 AND NKOMETOU 3

• Mbukwe Lodrick Samgwa.
• PhD Student, University of Yaounde I, Cameroon

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INTRODUCTION

• - The problems of land conflict are present in
  all four corners of the world.
• - In Africa, sub-Saharan Africa, and Cameroon, a
  greater proportion of the population still
  depends on agricultural activities to earn a
  living.
• - the Obala sub-division in general and the
  localities of Mfamakap, Nkometou 2 and 3 in
  particular, land is a precious good.
• Land sales have influenced the behaviour of most
  of the inhabitants.
• There is no attention given to the saving of land
  for future generations.
• The study has as objective to investigate those
  involved in the land management and sale in Obala
  Sub-Division, and to find out if there exist some
  measures put forward by the parents to safeguard
  land for future use by the younger generation.

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Location of the Study area
Geographical is located between longitude
11240E and 11350 E and latitude 400N
and 4120N (figure 1). surface area of about
475 km2 - 25 Urban Area - 75 Rural Area
Source Modified from NIC (National Institute of
Cartography) by Mbukwe 2023
Figure1 Location of the Study area
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METHODOLOGY OF THE RESEARCH

• Documentation (Offline and online)
• Interviews and focus groups discussion
• Questionnaire administration to the household

Villages Number of households 2 percentage of Households Question
Mfomakap 1224 25
Nkometou 2 2841 57
Nkometou 3 1408 28
Total 5473 110
Source BUCREP 2005 3th household census
Table 1 Sample size of the Household
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Land proprietorship in Cameroon
RESULT FROM FINDING

• Land is own by the central government of Cameroun
  (The State)
• In Cameroon land can be own by any individuals
  who is able to provide the necessary document
  demand by the competent authorities.

Source Mbukwe conception 2023
Figure2 Hierarchy of land control by the State
in Cameroon
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EXISTENCE ON TWO WAYS GETTING IN POSSESSION OF
LAND
RESULT FROM FINDING
In the world, Africa and Cameroon in particular
land during the period before the 1950s when laws
on land control and management were been put in
place, land has belong to the first occupant
until it became matriculated later by the state
body in change of administration. Today to be
owner of a parcel of land you need to follow the
method impose by the state through the Ministry
of territorial administration and Minister land
affaire and cadastre who will provide the
necessary document to certify an individual
ownership on a parcel of Land.
Source Mbukwe conception 2023
Figure 3 Land Acquisition method
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Mode of land acquisition in Mfomakap, Nkometou 2
and 3
RESULT FROM FINDING
In Obala Sub-Division precisely in Mfomakap,
Nkometou 2 and 3 is through the following method
as presented by table 1 below.
Mode of acquisition Respondent Percentage()
Baying 50 45.5
Gift 15 13.6
In heritage 45 40.9
Total 110 100
Source Fieldwork, 2023
Table 2 Mode of acquisition by the population
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Factors influencing the high demand of land
RESULT FROM FINDING
Factors Factors Respondent Percentage ()
Inflow of migrant/influence of Yaounde Inflow of migrant/influence of Yaounde 62 56.4
Inflow of migrant/influence of Yaounde/presence of the Nkometou market Inflow of migrant/influence of Yaounde/presence of the Nkometou market 34 30.9
Inflow of migrant/presence of the Nkometou market 1 1 0.9
Inflow of migrant/presence of the Nkometou market/influence of Yaounde Inflow of migrant/presence of the Nkometou market/influence of Yaounde 6 5.5
Inflow of migrant/presence of the Nkometou market/influence of Yaounde/relation of some Yaounde city dwellers Inflow of migrant/presence of the Nkometou market/influence of Yaounde/relation of some Yaounde city dwellers 1 0.9
Influence of Yaounde Influence of Yaounde 1 0.9
Influence of Yaounde/inflow of migrant Influence of Yaounde/inflow of migrant 1 0.9
Influence of Yaounde/presence of the Nkometou market/inflow of migrant Influence of Yaounde/presence of the Nkometou market/inflow of migrant 4 3.6
Total Total 110 100.0
Source Fieldwork 2023
Table 3 factors influence the price of land in
Mfomakap, Nkometou 2 and Nkometou 3
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Factors influencing land management and safeguard
for the future generation
RESULT FROM FINDING
Figure 5 Individuals with land Title
Figure 4 Price for a M² of Land
Source Fieldwork 2023
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Conclusion
In conclusion, from the research preoccupation
with the elaboration of a methodology which
included field work observation, questionnaire
administration, interviews and focus groups
discussion. Result reveals that, in the
localities of Mfomakap, Nkometou 2 and 3, land
security for the future generation is something
no one has taken seriously about. The inhabitants
are focused on the present happening without
paying attention to the future of their locality.
Those in possession of land title are those who
bought land direct from the natives and the
desire was to protect their properties in case of
conflict. Out of the 110 household question 24,
equivalent to 21 affirm having land title with a
greater proportion been migrant coming from other
regions of the national territory.