HIDA Scan: A Comprehensive Guide

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HIDA Scan A Comprehensive Guide

• By Dr. Valeria Simone MD
• (Southlake General Surgery, Texas, USA)

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Overview

• The liver, bile ducts, and gallbladder play vital
  roles in the digestive process. When these organs
  are not functioning properly, it can lead to
  various symptoms and conditions. One imaging
  procedure commonly used to diagnose and evaluate
  issues with these organs is a HIDA scan.
• A HIDA scan, also called hepatobiliary
  scintigraphy or cholescintigraphy, is a
  non-invasive imaging procedure that monitors the
  movement of bile from the liver to the small
  intestine. It helps healthcare providers assess
  the function of the liver, bile ducts,
  and gallbladder to diagnose conditions such
  as acute cholecystitis, chronic cholecystitis,
  sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, biliary atresia,
  and biliary leak.
• A radioactive tracer is injected into the
  bloodstream during a HIDA scan. The liver absorbs
  the tracer and then releases it into the
  gallbladder and small intestine. A gamma camera
  detects the energy emitted by the tracer and
  creates detailed images that show the flow of
  bile through the biliary system.
• HIDA scans are performed in the Department of
  Nuclear Medicine in Radiology. They are commonly
  used alongside other imaging tests, such as
  X-rays and ultrasounds, to provide a
  comprehensive evaluation of the liver, bile
  ducts, and gallbladder.
• In this comprehensive guide, we will provide a
  detailed understanding of HIDA scans, their
  importance in diagnosing gallbladder issues, how
  they work from a surgeons perspective,
  preparation for the scan, what to expect during
  and after the procedure, and potential findings
  and next steps. We will also address common
  concerns, risks, and considerations associated
  with HIDA scans.

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Key Highlights

• A HIDA scan is an imaging procedure that tracks
  the flow of bile from the liver to the small
  intestine, helping to diagnose gallbladder
  issues.
• It is used to evaluate conditions such as acute
  cholecystitis, chronic cholecystitis, sphincter
  of Oddi dysfunction, biliary atresia, and biliary
  leak.
• The scan involves injecting a radioactive tracer
  into the bloodstream, where it is absorbed by the
  liver and later released into the gallbladder and
  small intestine.
• Preparation for a HIDA scan requires fasting for
  a specific period and informing your healthcare
  provider about any medications you are taking.
• During the scan, a gamma camera captures images
  of the tracer as it moves through the biliary
  system, allowing healthcare providers to assess
  its function.
• After the scan, you can go about your day as
  usual, and the remaining radioactive tracer will
  be eliminated from your body within a day or two.

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Understanding HIDA Scans

• A HIDA scan, also referred to as hepatobiliary
  scintigraphy, is a medical imaging technique that
  monitors the movement of bile from the liver to
  the small intestine. It uses a radioactive
  tracer, usually hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid
  (HIDA), which is injected into the bloodstream.
• The tracer is taken up by the liver cells and
  released into the bile ducts. It then flows
  through the gallbladder and into the small
  intestine. During the scan, a gamma camera
  detects the radioactive energy emitted by the
  tracer and creates images that show the function
  of the liver, bile ducts, and gallbladder.
• Significance of HIDA Scans in Identifying
  Gallbladder Problems
• HIDA scans play a crucial role in diagnosing and
  evaluating gallbladder issues. They are
  particularly important in diagnosing conditions
  such as acute cholecystitis, which is a sudden
  inflammation of the gallbladder that can be
  caused by gallstones. Acute cholecystitis often
  requires gallbladder surgery to alleviate
  symptoms and prevent complications.
• By tracking the flow of bile through the biliary
  system, HIDA scans can help healthcare providers
  identify any obstructions or abnormalities in the
  gallbladder or bile ducts. This information is
  vital in determining the appropriate treatment
  plan, whether it involves surgical intervention,
  medication, or monitoring.
• HIDA scans provide valuable insights into the
  function and health of the gallbladder, allowing
  healthcare providers to make accurate diagnoses
  and provide timely treatment for patients with
  gallbladder issues.

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How HIDA Scans Work A Surgeons Perspective

• From a surgeons perspective, a HIDA scan
  provides valuable information about the function
  of the gallbladder and the flow of bile. One
  essential parameter that can be measured during a
  HIDA scan is the gallbladder ejection fraction.
  This refers to the percentage of bile that is
  released from the gallbladder when it contracts.
• During the scan, a radioactive tracer is injected
  into the bloodstream, and as it moves through the
  liver, bile ducts, and gallbladder, a series of
  images are taken using a gamma camera. These
  images help surgeons assess the flow of bile from
  the liver to the gallbladder and ultimately to
  the small intestine.
• By analyzing these images, surgeons can determine
  if there are any abnormalities or blockages in
  the bile ducts or gallbladder. This information
  is crucial in guiding treatment decisions and
  determining whether surgery or other
  interventions are necessary to address the
  underlying issue.
• HIDA scans provide valuable insights into the
  function of the biliary system, allowing surgeons
  to make informed decisions and provide optimal
  care for their patients.

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Preparing for Your HIDA Scan

• Before undergoing a HIDA scan, there are certain
  preparations you need to follow to ensure
  accurate results. Your healthcare provider will
  provide you with specific instructions, but here
  are some general guidelines to keep in mind
• Inform your healthcare provider about any
  medications you are taking, as some medications
  may interfere with the accuracy of the scan.
• Fasting for a minimum of four hours before the
  scan is necessary, which involves refraining from
  consuming any food or beverages except water.
• Remove any jewelry or accessories that may
  interfere with the scan, and wear comfortable
  clothing.
• By following these preparations, you can help
  ensure a smooth and successful HIDA scan
  procedure. It is essential to communicate openly
  with your healthcare provider and ask any
  questions you may have before the scan.

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Steps to Prepare for a HIDA Scan Tips from Dr.
Valeria Simone MD

• Preparing for a HIDA scan is relatively
  straightforward, but there are a few important
  steps to keep in mind. Dr. Valeria Simone MD,
  shares some tips to help you navigate the
  preparation process
• Follow the instructions provided by your
  healthcare provider regarding fasting. Usually,
  you will need to avoid food and drink for at
  least four hours before the scan, although
  specific requirements may vary.
• Inform your healthcare provider about any
  medications you are taking, as they may need to
  be adjusted or temporarily discontinued.
• Dress comfortably and remove any jewelry or
  accessories that might interfere with the scan.
• During the scan, you may experience slight
  discomfort from the injection of the radioactive
  tracer while lying still on the scanning table.
  Nevertheless, this discomfort is usually slight
  and short-lived.
• Rest assured that the amount of radiation
  exposure during a HIDA scan is considered safe
  and within acceptable limits.
• By following these steps and staying informed,
  you can prepare for your HIDA scan with
  confidence and ensure accurate results.

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Eating and Drinking What You Need to Know Before
Your Scan

• One of the key preparations for a HIDA scan is
  fasting. Fasting is typically required for at
  least four hours before the scan to ensure
  accurate results. It is important to follow these
  fasting guidelines to avoid interference with the
  scan.
• During the fasting period, you should refrain
  from consuming any food or drink, except water.
  It is essential to drink enough water to stay
  hydrated, but avoid consuming anything else,
  including juice, coffee, or tea.
• Fasting helps ensure that the radioactive tracer
  used during the scan is not influenced by the
  digestion process, allowing for clearer and more
  accurate imaging of the biliary system.
• If you have any concerns or questions about
  fasting before your HIDA scan, it is important to
  discuss them with your healthcare provider. They
  can provide specific instructions based on your
  circumstances and help alleviate any concerns you
  may have.

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During the HIDA Scan

• During a HIDA scan, you will be positioned on a
  scanning table, and a gamma camera will be used
  to capture images of the radioactive tracer as it
  moves through your biliary system. It is
  essential to stay still during the scan to
  achieve clear and accurate images.
• The scan usually takes about an hour, during
  which you may be asked to change positions or
  hold your breath briefly. The healthcare team
  will provide instructions and guide you through
  the process to ensure optimal imaging.
• If you experience any discomfort or have any
  questions or concerns during the scan, do not
  hesitate to communicate with the healthcare team.
  They are there to support you and ensure your
  comfort throughout the procedure.

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What to Expect During the Procedure

• During a HIDA scan, you can expect a non-invasive
  imaging test that tracks the flow of bile through
  your biliary system. The process generally
  includes these steps
• You will be positioned on a scanning table.
• A gamma camera, which is a specialized imaging
  device, will be placed over your abdomen.
• The healthcare team will inject a radioactive
  tracer into your bloodstream. This tracer is
  taken up by the liver and released into the
  gallbladder and small intestine.
• The gamma camera will capture a series of images
  as the radioactive tracer moves through your
  biliary system.
• It is crucial to remain still during the
  procedure to ensure clear and accurate images.
• The healthcare team will guide you throughout the
  procedure and provide any necessary instructions.
  The entire process usually takes about an hour,
  after which you can resume your regular
  activities.

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Understanding the Role of the Radiologist and
Surgeon During Your Scan

• During a HIDA scan, both the radiologist and
  surgeon play important roles in interpreting the
  images and assessing the function of the biliary
  system.
• The radiologist is responsible for analyzing the
  images captured by the gamma camera. They will
  interpret the flow of the radioactive tracer and
  assess how well bile is flowing from the liver to
  the gallbladder and small intestine. Based on
  their findings, they can identify any
  abnormalities or obstructions in the biliary
  system.
• The surgeon, on the other hand, relies on the
  information provided by the radiologist to guide
  treatment decisions. The images from the HIDA
  scan help the surgeon determine the appropriate
  course of action, whether it involves surgical
  intervention or other treatment options.
• By working together, the radiologist and surgeon
  ensure that patients receive accurate diagnoses
  and the most appropriate care for their biliary
  system issues.

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After the HIDA Scan

• After a HIDA scan, there are a few important
  steps to follow to ensure optimal recovery and to
  allow the remaining radioactive tracer to be
  eliminated from your body.
• Drink plenty of fluids, particularly water, to
  help flush the tracer out of your system.
• Use the restroom frequently to eliminate any
  radioactive tracer that may have been excreted in
  your urine or stool.
• Remember to wash your hands properly after using
  the bathroom.
• Resume your normal activities and diet unless
  otherwise instructed by your healthcare provider.
• It is important to note that the amount of
  radiation exposure during a HIDA scan is minimal
  and poses no significant risk to your health or
  the health of those around you.

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Immediate Steps Post-Scan A Guide

• After your HIDA scan, you can take some immediate
  steps to ensure comfort and well-being. Here is a
  guide to help you through the post-scan period
• Slowly get up from the scanning table to avoid
  dizziness or light-headedness.
• Drink plenty of fluids, particularly water, to
  help flush the remaining radioactive tracer out
  of your system.
• Be aware of any signs of redness, swelling, or
  pain at the injection site. If you notice any of
  these signs, inform your healthcare provider.
• Resume your regular activities and diet, unless
  otherwise instructed by your healthcare provider.
• Wash your hands thoroughly after using the
  restroom to eliminate any traces of the tracer.
• By following these steps, you can ensure a smooth
  recovery after your HIDA scan and minimize any
  potential discomfort or concern.

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Reading Your HIDA Scan Results Dr. Simones
Insights

• Interpreting the results of a HIDA scan requires
  expertise and experience, and provides valuable
  insights into understanding the scan results
• The scan image will show the flow of the
  radioactive tracer through your biliary system.
• The overall quality of the scan, including the
  clarity and consistency of the images, is crucial
  in assessing the function of the biliary system.
• Any abnormalities or obstructions in the flow of
  bile can indicate issues such as gallbladder
  inflammation or other conditions affecting the
  biliary system.
• Your healthcare provider will provide you with a
  comprehensive interpretation of the images and
  explain the implications for your health. By
  understanding the scan results, you can make
  informed decisions about your treatment and care.

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Potential Findings and Next Steps

• During a HIDA scan, various findings can be
  identified, providing valuable information about
  the function of the biliary system. Some
  potential findings include
• Normal flow of bile, indicating healthy biliary
  function.
• Slow movement of the radioactive tracer,
  suggesting a possible blockage or obstruction.
• No tracer was seen in the gallbladder, indicating
  acute inflammation of the gallbladder.
• Abnormally low gallbladder ejection fraction,
  which may indicate chronic inflammation.
• Based on the scan findings, your healthcare
  provider will determine the next steps in your
  treatment plan. This may involve further imaging,
  additional tests, or consultation with a
  specialist.

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Common Gallbladder Issues Identified by HIDA Scans

• HIDA scans are particularly useful in identifying
  and evaluating common gallbladder issues. Some of
  these issues include
• Gallbladder disease This term encompasses a
  range of conditions that affect the gallbladder,
  such as gallstones, inflammation, or infection.
• Chronic cholecystitis This refers to repeated
  episodes of gallbladder inflammation, often
  caused by gallstones blocking the cystic duct
  intermittently.
• Biliary tree abnormalities HIDA scans can detect
  obstructions or abnormalities in the bile ducts,
  which make up the biliary tree.
• By identifying these issues through HIDA scans,
  healthcare providers can develop appropriate
  treatment plans tailored to each patients
  specific condition and needs.

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When Surgery Is Recommended Navigating Your
Options in Texas

• In some cases, surgery may be recommended based
  on the findings of a HIDA scan. Gallbladder
  surgery, also known as cholecystectomy, is a
  common procedure used to remove the gallbladder
  in cases of severe gallbladder disease or chronic
  cholecystitis.
• In more complex cases, a liver transplant may be
  necessary to address issues with the biliary
  system. This procedure involves replacing a
  diseased liver with a healthy liver from a donor.
• The decision to undergo surgery depends on
  various factors, including the severity of the
  condition, the patients overall health, and the
  gallbladder ejection fraction measured during the
  HIDA scan.
• It is important to consult with a healthcare
  provider who specializes in hepatobiliary surgery
  to discuss your options and make an informed
  decision.

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Risks and Considerations

• As with any medical procedure, there are some
  risks and considerations associated with HIDA
  scans. It is essential to be aware of these
  potential risks and discuss them with your
  healthcare provider. Some of the key
  considerations include
• Allergic reactions to medications containing
  radioactive tracers used during the scan,
  although they are rare.
• Bruising at the injection site of the radioactive
  tracer.
• Minimal radiation exposure, which is within safe
  limits.
• Precautions for pregnant individuals, as nuclear
  medicine tests are generally not performed during
  pregnancy due to potential harm to the developing
  fetus.
• By understanding these risks and addressing any
  concerns with your healthcare provider, you can
  make informed decisions regarding your medical
  care.

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Understanding the Risks Associated with HIDA Scans

• HIDA scans are generally considered safe with
  minimal risks. However, it is important to be
  aware of potential risks associated with the
  procedure. These risks may include
• Allergic reactions Although rare, some
  individuals may experience allergic reactions to
  the radioactive tracer. It is important to inform
  your healthcare provider of any known allergies
  before the scan.
• Bruising Bruising at the injection site of the
  tracer is possible, but it is typically minimal.
• Radiation exposure HIDA scans involve the use of
  a small amount of radiation, but the exposure is
  within safe limits and not considered a
  significant risk.
• Your healthcare provider will assess the
  potential risks and benefits of a HIDA scan based
  on your situation. They will provide guidance and
  address any concerns you may have before
  proceeding with the procedure.

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Addressing Patients Concerns Safety Measures in
Place

• Patient safety is a top priority during HIDA
  scans, and various safety measures are in place
  to minimize risks. These measures include
• Lets explore more HIDA Scan Understanding the
  Procedure - Southlake General Surgery

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Make An Appointment

• If you are experiencing symptoms related to your
  gallbladder or have concerns about your biliary
  system, it is important to seek medical advice
  and schedule an appointment with our healthcare
  expert at 1 [phone] and click the link
  to book an online appointment with us. They can
  evaluate your symptoms, discuss your medical
  history, and recommend appropriate diagnostic
  tests, including HIDA scans.
• Remember, early diagnosis and timely intervention
  are key to effective treatment and better
  outcomes for gallbladder issues.

Medically Reviewed By Dr. Valeria Simone
MD Board-certified General Surgeon at Southlake
General Surgery, Texas, USA. Follow us
on Facebook and YouTube. Source HIDA Scan
Understanding the Procedure - Southlake General
Surgery
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76092
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