Myanmar 2 Bagan Thiri Zaya Bumi Golden Palace2

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Minglaba
Myanmar!
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Bagan
Bagan (formerly Pagan) is an ancient city located
in the Mandalay Region of Burma (Myanmar). From
the 9th to 13th centuries, the city was the
capital of the Kingdom of Pagan, the first
kingdom to unify the regions that would later
constitute modern Myanmar. During the kingdom's
height between the 11th and 13th centuries, over
10,000 Buddhist temples, pagodas and monasteries
were constructed in the Bagan plains alone, of
which the remains of over 2200 temples and
pagodas still survive to the present day.
Anawrahta's Palace was rebuilt in 2003 based on
the extant foundations at the old palace site.
But the palace above the foundation is completely
conjectural.
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The Bagan Archaeological Zone is a main draw for
the country's nascent tourism industry.
According to the Burmese chronicles, Bagan was
founded in the second century CE, and fortified
in 849 CE. From 1044 to 1287, Bagan was the
capital as well as the political, economic and
cultural nerve center of the Pagan Empire. Over
the course of 250 years, Bagan's rulers and their
wealthy subjects constructed over 10,000
religious monuments (approximately 1000 stupas,
10,000 small temples and 3000 monasteries) in an
area of 104 square kilometres (40 sq mi) in the
Bagan plains.
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The Pagan Empire collapsed in 1287 due to
repeated Mongol invasions (12771301). Bagan,
located in an active earthquake zone, had
suffered from many earthquakes over the ages,
with over 400 recorded earthquakes between 1904
and 1975. Today, 2229 temples and pagodas
remain. Bagan today is a main tourist destination
in the country's nascent tourism industry, which
has long been the target of various boycott
campaigns.
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Traditional Myanmar music is played without
notes. The orchestra leader plays the drum
circle, sitting cross-legged inside a circular
frame hung with 21 small drums. He tunes them by
varying the amount of sticky rice and ash stuck
in the middle of the ox-skin surface. He twists
his torso to reach all his drums, which he
strikes with his bare fingers. The gong circle is
set beside it, in a smaller, lower frame. There
can be 18 or 21 gongs, made of brass. The main
drum (Patma) is clearly seen in the Saing Waing
as the beam that has the carving of the dragon
carries this drum.
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Harp (internet image)
Orchestra (internet image)
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Zebus (Bos primigenius indicus or Bos indicus or
Bos taurus indicus), sometimes known as humped
cattle or Brahman, are a type of domestic cattle
originating in South Asia. They are characterized
by a fatty hump on their shoulders, drooping ears
and a large dewlap. They are well adapted to
withstanding high temperatures, and are farmed
throughout the tropical countries, both as pure
zebu and as hybrids with taurine cattle, the
other main type of domestic cattle. Zebu are used
as draught oxen, as dairy cattle and as beef
cattle, as well as for by products such as hides
and dung for fuel and manure
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Myanmar being an agricultural country, human and
cattle had been friends and colleagues for many
centuries. In villages the cattle are treated as
members of a household, given nicknames and
decorated with tinkling bells and flashing
mirrors, more in pride than necessity, when the
family would visit a religious festival. And
during the plowing season they toil shoulder to
shoulder with their masters in the fields no
matter the weather.
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Most Myanmar Buddhists would also not eat beef.
They regard the cattle as their benefactors and
eating them would be cruel if not downright
sacrilegious! And consequently in Myanmar there
are no big ranches where cattle are raised to be
slaughtered for meat. So for the farmers getting
hold of a good working bullock is most important.
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Traditional orchestra (web image)
Great Audience Hall (Pyinsapathada) replica at
the reconstructed palace of the 11th-century King
Anawrahta. Considered the father of the Burmese
nation, Anawrahta turned a small principality in
the dry zone of Upper Burma into the first
Burmese Empire that formed the basis of
modern-day Burma (Myanmar). Historically
verifiable Burmese history begins with his
accession to the Pagan throne in 1044
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Bagan is known for its 2000 year old history as
the royal city, and is particularly famous for
handicrafts, like silk embroidery
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Bagan is famous also for its beautiful lacquer
ware
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