Firenze Basilica di San Lorenzo

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Firenze
Basilica di San Lorenzo
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The Basilica di San Lorenzo is one of the largest
churches of Florence, Italy, situated at the
centre of the citys main market district, and
the burial place of all the principal members of
the Medici family from Cosimo il Vecchio to
Cosimo III. It is one of several churches that
claim to be the oldest in Florence when it was
consecrated in 393 it stood outside the city
walls. For three hundred years it was the city's
cathedral before the official seat of the bishop
was transferred to Santa Reparata. San Lorenzo
was also the parish church of the Medici family.
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Lodovico de Medici also known as Giovanni dalle
Bande Nere (1498-1526) was an Italian
condottiero, father of Cosimo (1519-1574 the
Grand Duke of Florence
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As a symbol of mourning for the death of Pope Leo
X (December 1, 1521), Giovanni added black
stripes to his insignia, whence comes his
nick-name, Giovanni dalle Bande Nere (or Giovanni
of the Black Bands).
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San Lorenzo market is the largest and most
popular of the street markets in Florence, where
you can get some of the best shoe bargains in town
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The cloister
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In 1419, Giovanni di Bicci de' Medici offered to
finance a new church to replace the 11th-century
Romanesque rebuilding.
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Filippo Brunelleschi, the leading Renaissance
architect of the first half of the 15th century,
was commissioned to design it, but the building,
with alterations, was not completed until after
his death. The church is part of a larger
monastic complex that contains other important
architectural works the Old Sacristy by
Brunelleschi the Laurentian Library by
Michelangelo the New Sacristy based on
Michelangelo's designs and the Medici Chapels by
Matteo Nigetti.
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Rosso Fiorentino, Sposalizio della Vergine
(Marriage of the Virgin) 1523
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Agnolo Bronzino (1503-72) The Martyrdom of St.
Lawrence This is one of the last works painted by
Bronzino, and it combines all of the
characteristic features of the Mannerist artists.
Note in particular the rather bored attitude of
the saint who is being roasted on a grill! On the
left, beneath the statue of Mercury, Bronzino
painted a self-portrait, along with the portrait
of his teacher, Pontormo, and Bronzino's most
successful pupil, Alessandro Allori.
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From 1428 to about 1443 Donatello was at work on
the sculptural decoration of the Old Sacristy of
San Lorenzo, built by Brunelleschi between 1418
and 1428. This decoration, carried out with
bronzes and polychrome stuccos comprises two
arched reliefs above the bronze doors of the
altar wall, one showing St Cosmas and St Damian,
the other St Stephen and St Lawrence, eight
roundels in polychrome stucco with the four
Evangelists and four episodes from the life of St
John (St John on Patmos, the Resurrection of
Drusiana, the Martyrdom and the Ascension of St
John), and two bronze doors divided into ten
compartments each with the Apostles and Martyrs. 
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Near the altar are two bronze pulpits, created by
Donatello. It was his last work. After he died in
1466 the pulpits were completed by his students.
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Christ in Gethsemane
The Passion Pulpit
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During the last years of his life, as long as he
was still capable, Donatello appears to have
continued work on the pulpits of San Lorenzo.
There are many open questions regarding the
authorship and the original purpose of the
individual relief panels. However, the pulpits
are another passionate example of the singular
art of Donatello. here we find all the typical
characteristics and particular features that were
hallmarks of the master's earlier works.
The Resurrection Pulpit
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Due to its iconography - including reliefs of
Christ in Limbo, the Resurrection, the Ascension
of Christ, the Women at the Tomb, the Miracle of
Pentecost and the Martyrdom of St Lawrence - the
northern pulpit is known as the Resurrection
Pulpit. The southern pulpit, known as Passion
Pulpit, contains depictions of the Flagellation,
St John the Evangelist, Christ in Gethsemane,
Christ before Caiaphas and Pilate, as well as the
Crucifixion, Deposition of Christ and Burial of
Christ.
The Passion Pulpit
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The Burial of Christ
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The cloister, built in 1462 by Manetti, has a
formal garden planted with hedges and
pomegranates. From here you can reach the Medici
library, also known as the Bibliotheca
Laurenziana or Laurentian Library.
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The Sagrestia Vecchia, or Old Sacristy, is a
Christian building in Florence, one of the most
important monuments of the early Italian
Renaissance architecture. It is accessed from the
inside of San Lorenzo off the left transept.
Designed by Filippo Brunelleschi and paid for by
the Medici family, who also used it for their
tombs,
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The Sagrestia Vecchia, or Old Sacristy, Donatello
doors details
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The domes frescoes show the constellations
visible in the night sky, showing the route of
the sun between the constellations on July 4th
1442 July 4th, 1442 was an important date in
Florentine history the day that Rene dAnjou
entered Florence. Rene dAnjou, the King of
Naples, was the one who convinced Cosimo de
Medicito open the first public library in all of
Europe, and to have the University teachGreek.
This opened the minds of the public to Greek
concepts of life.
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Text Internet Pictures Daniela Iacob
Andrei Tischler
Internet All copyrights belong to their
respective owners Presentation Sanda Foisoreanu
2013
Sound Andrea Bocelli - Se La Gente
Usasse Il Cuore