Vietnam Hue Mormantul imparatului Khai Dinh 2

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Hue
Mormântul Împaratului Khai Dinh
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The tomb began construction in 1920 and was still
unfinished when the Emperor Khai Dinh died of
tuberculosis in 1925. His son, the last Emperor
of Vietnam Bao Dai, finally completed the tomb in
1931. The steps leading up to the forecourt are
guarded by two dragons, forming a sinuous set
of banisters.
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Honor Guard formation on the Forecourt
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Two pillars flank the forecourt, also called the
imperial audience court
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In the middle of the forecourt stands the
octagonal stele pavilion commemorating Khai
Dinhs life and accomplishments. Like the rest of
the tomb, the pavilion is made of reinforced
concrete
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Flight of stairs takes you to the elaborate Thien
Dinh Palace
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Thien Dinh Palace
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Thien Dinh Palace
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Împaratul Khai Dinh a domnit din anul 1916 pâna
în 1925 si mormântul sau, început în 1920 si
terminat abia în 1931 s-a vrut o sinteza de
elemente vietnameze si europene. Mormântul Khai
Dinh este ultimul memorial ridicat, cel mai
decorat, însa construit din beton. In real
life, Emperor Khai Dinh came to the throne at a
difficult time in 1916, the French were rulers
in all but name, and had exiled the previous two
emperors for their refusal to cooperate. Khai
Dinhs reign, from 1916 to 1925, marked a period
of subservience to the French colonial masters.
The tomb itself was a point of contention Khai
Dinh squeezed his peasantry hard to come up with
the funds to finance the construction of his
tomb. Khai Dinhs unpopularity with his people
may have influenced his decision to place his
tomb on the slope of Chau Chu Mountain in the
outskirts of Hue
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Thien Dinh Palace
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Thien Dinh Palace
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Thien Dinh Palace
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Vietnamese dragons are symbolic creatures in the
folklore and mythology of Vietnam. According to
an ancient origin myth, the Vietnamese people are
descended from a dragon and a fairy
Thien Dinh Palace
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Thien Dinh Palace
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În cladirea principala, Thien Dinh, se afla
mormântul Împaratului Khai Dinh The left and
right rows - once reserved for tomb caretakers -
now houses an exhibit of the Emperor Khai Dinhs
personal effects, the middle row housing the
crypt and the places for the Emperors cult
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Cripta Imperiala si sala unde este instalat
altarul au peretii decorati cu basoreliefuri
extrem de elaborate, incrustate cu bucati de
ceramica si sticla. The walls in the middle row
housing the crypt and the places for the
Emperors cult are a riot of color and
texture, of the type that can be found nowhere
else in Vietnam.
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A golden statue of the king sits regally upon the
burial place. The mosaics are the work of
Vietnamese artisans, who created a lush interior
for the palace that many experts have called a
work of Vietnamese neo-classicism. Using broken
porcelain vases and bits of glass, the artisans
created densely-populated inlaid tile wall
designs that proliferate throughout the palace
walls
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A giant white lady stands on a hill, just outside
the city of Hue. She looks blissfully over the
rural area below, one hand raised in Vitarka
Mudra, symbolizing intellectual discussion and
argument. Standing Buddha temple, built in 1969,
is popular amongst students and they often come
here to pray before important exams
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Hanoi
Hué
Text Internet (by Michael Aquino) Fotografii
?Sanda Foisoreanu ?Sanda Negrutiu
? Internet (slide 2, 34) Prezentare Sanda
Foisoreanu
Vietnamese traditional musical instruments
? Southern lullaby ? Su dung
2010
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Hanoi public art
The Nguyen Emperor Khai Dinh's Royal Tomb is
unique among the royal tombs in Hue. Where other
royal tombs are expansive and invite respectful
reflection, Khai Dinh built his final resting
place to be monumental in style and bombastic in
execution. Plus, if the local tour guides are to
be believed, Khai Dinh's tomb was purposefully
designed to be difficult to visit. The tomb was
built on the side of a mountain, and its inner
sanctum is 127 steps up from street level, a fact
that must have grated on the court officials who
were required on pain of their lives to pay their
respects to the late emperor
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Emperor Khai Dinh of Vietnam is another one of
those royal characters whose reputations have
suffered unjustly as a result of ignorance and
outright lies repeated so often as to be taken as
fact. The son of Emperor Dong Khanh who
maintained a policy of peaceful cooperation with
the French (and who first established religious
freedom for Christians) he did not succeed his
father but was called to the throne when the two
previous monarchs were removed the first on the
grounds of insanity and his son for plotting a
rebellion against the French protectorate. Khai
Dinh ascended the Golden Throne in 1916 in very
difficult circumstances. His young predecessor
was very popular for having defied the French but
Khai Dinh was convinced that such rebellion would
be disastrous. The French kept Vietnam stable and
protected, kept the monarchy in place and he felt
that any rebellion would only lead to defeat and
much death whereas a spirit of willing
cooperation would earn the Viets respect and
greater autonomy for their country. His reign
name meant "Auger of Peace and Stability" and
this is what he wanted most of all. After the
chaotic preceding years, he wanted to shore up
the stability, dignity and respect of the Nguyen
dynasty monarchy. The French Resident Superior
was a close friend of his and although he was
vilified by many as a collaborator and "salaried
clerk" of the French by Vietnamese
revolutionaries he was sure that his was the more
beneficial if less popular path to take. Yet,
despite some signs that things were going his way
Emperor Khai Dinh was truly at a loss that the
French refused to extent greater autonomy toward
his government. People grew restless, opposition
groups grew and many blamed the Emperor. The
situation was not helped by the fact that
revolutionaries captured by the French were
always executed in his name. Some French even
complained that he was not cooperative enough. At
one point in 1920 Khai Dinh was so disgusted that
he spoke of abdicating but the French would not
allow it. It seemed his time had passed and hopes
on both sides were invested in his son Crown
Prince Nguyen Vinh Thuy. Emperor Khai Dinh was
known as a very peaceful, kind and compassionate
man. His enemies accused him of living a life of
luxury while the people suffered but in reality
he opposed the French tax increases and his court
was allowed less money than even the court of
Cambodia. He was a devout Buddhist but when he
was very ill (as he often was) he asked one of
his Christian mandarins to go and pray for him at
the shrine of Our Lady of Lavang. The mandarin
went and prayed for his Emperor and Khai Dinh
recovered and had a greater respect for
Christianity thereafter. His reign had been one
of peace and the general progress that goes with
it yet his reputation remains one of the
forgotten victims of the ultimate Communist
victory. Emperor Khai Dinh died in 1925 and his
magnificent tomb, one of the wonders of the
Imperial City of Hue, is a true reflection of the
monarch being a quite beautiful combination of
French and Vietnamese architectural styles
sometimes known as "Norman Pagoda". He was
succeeded by his son who was to go down in
history as the last Emperor of Vietnam.