AgriClean David C. Palmer, P.E. Managing Partner

1
AgriCleanDavid C. Palmer, P.E.Managing Partner

• Cost-effective Anaerobic Digestion Technologies
  and Their Role in
• Green Power

2
AgriClean, LLC

• An emerging leader in the areas of manure
  management anaerobic digestion
• Not an outfit with an answer in search of a
  problem
• Rather, a solutions oriented company that can
  provide a least-cost customized method to meet
  customer needs
• Specializing in dairy, swine and agricultural
  processing wastes
• Energy Recovery

AgriClean
3
AgriClean, LLC

• Significant technological solutions
• AgriJet? process can significantly reduce water
  volumes used for flushing
• AgriGas process can provide a tailored AD
  solution
• AgriClean can optimize organic waste removal and
  treatment systems plus energy recovery

AgriClean
4
Types of Digesters Used Depends on

• Type of waste (feedstocks)
• Feedstock total solids (TS) concentration
• Facility location
• Management structure

AgriClean
5
With Livestock Operations

• Manure Management Systems
• Traditional flushed barns have dilute total
  solids (less than 3)
• Scraped barns have higher total solids
• (greater than 3)

AgriClean
6
Flushing Example 1
AgriClean
7
Flushing Example 2
AgriClean
8
Anaerobic Digestion (AD) System Options

• Suspended Growth Systems
• Solids Retention Time Hydraulic Retention Time
  (SRT HRT)
• Covered Lagoons
• Complete Mix
• Attached Growth Systems
• SRT ? HRT
• Fixed Film
• Others in development pipeline

AgriClean
9
AgriJet?

• Substitutes pressure for volume in hydraulic
  flushing operations
• Can reduce water use by up to 80 in new
  facilities and 50 in existing facilities
• Programmable control system set to flush at
  user-specified, such as milking times
• All pipes, nozzles and gutters positioned to
  allow animal movement and to avoid breakage

AgriClean
10
AgriJet?

• Depending on design criteria, AgriJet can deliver
  manure to the digester with up to 6 Total
  Solids
• Greater Total Solids can significantly reduce AD
  system cost!
• More organic loading higher gas yields and
  greater energy potential

AgriClean
11
AgriJet? Dairy Farm Example

• A 1,000 head dairy using standard hydraulic
  flushing techniques would use a flush volume of
  about 100,000 gallons/day
• Conventional digester would require a volume of
  around 2,000,000 gallons
• AgriJet system on the same farm will require
  35,000 gallons/day for flushing
• Fixed-film digester w/ a volume of 175,000
  gallons
• Other system aspects (pipes, heat exchangers,
  pumps, solids separators, etc.) are also made
  smaller

AgriClean
12
AgriGas

• AgriClean has several types of AD systems with
  gas capture in its portfolio
• Covered lagoon
• Fixed film AD licensed from the patent-holder
• Continuously stirred (complete mix)

AgriClean
13
Fixed Film AD System Development
AgriClean
14
Fixed Film AD System Advantages

• Designed for use w/ dairy manure, but also well
  suited for hog manure
• Small footprint
• 2-6 day HRT v. 20 days for suspended growth
• Modular design
• Deployed at 30 less cost than suspended growth
• High Methane yields
• Up to 80 Methane v. 60 for suspended growth
• Very high destruction of Volatile Solids (VSd)
• Up to 65 VSd w/ hog manure

AgriClean
15
On-Farm Projects Underway

• Fixed-film digester and biogas use system on a
  400 head dairy (around 560 animal units or AU)
  near Hillsboro, MS in partnership with the
  Mississippi Alternative Energy Enterprise
• Fixed-film digester and biogas use system on a
  swine finishing farm producing 30,000
  animals/year (around 1600 AU at steady-state)
  near Greenville, NC in partnership with the
  Animal and Poultry Waste Management Center of NC
  State University
• Fixed-film digester and biogas use system on a
  swine farrow-to-finish operation producing 64,000
  animals/year (around 3580 AU at steady-state) in
  Canada
• Covered lagoon digester and biogas use system on
  a 4000 head swine nursery farm in Montpelier, MS

AgriClean
16
Ag Processing Plant Projects Underway

• Fixed-film digester and biogas use system at a
  1000 head/day beef packing plant
• Covered lagoon digester with biogas capture at a
  6000 head/day swine processing facility

AgriClean
17
What is Green Power?

• Solar
• Wind
• Geothermal
• Biomass

AgriClean
18
What is Biomass?

• Wood, forestry residuals
• Agricultural waste
• Industrial waste
• Municipal waste
• Food processing residuals
• Other organic by-products
• Crops grown for energy production

AgriClean
19
What is Anaerobic Digestion?

• A biological process that occurs in the absence
  of dissolved oxygen
• Three temperature ranges for AD
• Psychrophilic (ambientswamps, sediments of lakes
  and ponds, landfills, intestines of animals)
• Mesophilic (95-105 degrees F)
• Thermophilic (125-135 degrees F)

AgriClean
20
How is Biogas Produced?

• Microbiological conversion of organic wastes into
  methane, carbon dioxide and trace elements like
  hydrogen sulfide
• Amount and quality of biogas depends on the
  composition and biodegradability of the feedstock

AgriClean
21
How is the biogas used to create energy?

• Most efficient use is to replace other fuel
  sources like natural gas or propane
• The gas can also be used to fuel engine
  generators or microturbines to produce
  electricity
• In some cases the gas is used to fuel vehicles

AgriClean
22
Utility Issues

• Interconnection agreements
• System and generation protection requirements
• Normal and emergency operating provisions
• Metering
• Cost and ownership
• Power sales agreements

AgriClean
23
Harris Farm Project Overview

• Under contract from the NCAG Smithfield/Premium
  Standard Farms Agreement for Environmentally
  Superior Technologies through NCSUs Animal and
  Poultry Waste Management Center
• Projected economics to be at or below the costs
  of current lagoon/sprayfield-based treatment
  systems
• Farm owner agreement allows for the retained
  ownership of the system by AgriClean

AgriClean
24
AgriClean
25
Harris Farm Project Overview

• 12,000 head finishing farm
• Animals are added in two barns every two weeks
• LAW remains fairly constant w/ tank heated _at_
  35C, biogas production should not vary
  significantly
• Barns use a pit recharge, pull plug flushing
  system
• Flushing schedule is every 3 days
• Daily flow now in excess of 240,000 gpd
• 20,000 g/barn/day
• Changed flush schedule AgriJet system indicates
  the use of 30,000 gpd for flushing and 18,000 gpd
  of flow from the animals
• 4,000 g/barn/day

AgriClean
26
Harris Farm Project Overview

• Organic loading used to establish initial volume
• COD is controlling factor
• Based on the lab analyses, digester loadings at
  48,000 gpd will be
• Component Concentration (mg/l) Pounds
• TS 25,216 10,079
• VS 21,490 8,589
• COD 40,227 16,079
• TKN 2,880 1,151

AgriClean
27
Harris Farm Project Overview

• Farm connected to the electrical grid
• Sales agreement to sell peak power to Greenville
  Utilities from existing diesel engine/generators
• Current plan is to offset the increased farm load
  resulting from the waste treatment facility
• Present utility rates and standby charges in
  North Carolina make it uneconomical to sell
  excess power
• Exploring using the biogas to meet farms
  existing peaking contract
• May provide an economical sales structure to sell
  peak power from the biogas

AgriClean
28
What are the economics of producing Green Power
from Anaerobic Digestion?

• It costs about 6.5 cents per KWh to produce
  electricity from AD
• In most parts of the country, the price utilities
  will pay for this renewable energy is about half
  what it costs to produce it
• Currently the environmental benefits of AD (odor
  control, water, air and land pollution reduction)
  are the driving factors in selecting this as a
  preferred waste treatment option

AgriClean
29
How can utilities encourage the development of
this source of Green Power?

• Progress Energy has a target of 5 of its load
  from Green Power (about 1,100 MW)
• Some others have targets as high as 25
• TVA and its distributors offer a Green Power
  Switch program including solar, wind and biomass

AgriClean
30
AgriClean Contacts

• Nashville TN, David Palmer _at_ 615-279-9797
• Scott Pogue _at_ 615-594-8657
• Pierre SD, Phil Lusk _at_ 605-224-4334
• agriclean_at_agriclean.com

AgriClean