BioNuclear Concept v1

1
BioNuclear Concept v1

• NETNUC
• 3.4.2009 Espoo
• Petteri Kangas, Iiro Auterinen and Pertti Koukkari

2
Assumptions

• Chemical industry and transportation will be
  based on hydrocarbons in the future. Hydrogen and
  electricity can not subsidise hydrocarbons
  completely.
• Bio-based hydrocarbons will be more and more
  suitable option both economically and
  politically.
• Locally, like in Finland, bio material will be
  widely available. (Today annual growth in
  forests 90 million m3 agri biomass)
• Forest sector owns remarkable amount of nuclear
  energy. (e.g. UPM 25 of electricity is nuclear
  based and UPM owns hundreds of megawatts nuclear
  power).
• gt Nuclear energy (heat, steam and electricity)
  will be effectively used to boost the production
  of bio-based hydrocarbons

3
Heat available!

• 1200 MW at 180 C
• available from
• 3rd generation nuclear power plants. 1,2

4
Short distances! Current biorefineries and
nuclear power plants are near 3.
5
BioNuclear Concept v1Integrating promising
biorefinery technologies with nuclear power
6
Products
Picture by churchhatetucker at flickr.com under
CC-license
7
Technology maturity

• Pilot scale technology available for
• Black liquor and biomass gasification 4
• Biomass hydrolysis 5
• Full scale technology available for
• Pulp mills
• 3rd gen. nuclear power plants
• Gas cleaning
• FT-synthesis
• Hydrocracking
• Distillation

8
First results of black liquor gasification

• 400 000 t/a pulp mill at Veitsiluoto
• 660 000 t/a black liquor for gasification
• 40 000 t/a diesel without extra hydrogen
• 80 000 t/a diesel with additional hydrogen from
  nuclear PP
• 40 000 t/a formic acid
• Need for additional heat 45 MW (LP and MP steam)
  6
• (75 MW of electricity for hydrogen production by
  electrolysis)

9
First results of cellulose hydrolysis

• Variety of feedstock biomass (forest, agri,
  industrial and munipical) 5
• Wet biomass suitable for process (up to 50 )
• Residuals from hydrolysis can be processes in
  biomass gasification
• Yield is good 7
• HP steam at 210 C is needed for hydrolysis. Steam
  and heat might be needed for distillation later
  in process
• No mass / energy calculations available yet.

10
Next steps 2009

• Refining BioNuclear concept
• Mass and energy balances for integrated mill
• Estimations of nuclear heat, steam and
  electricity needs and potential
• Possibly economic evaluation of the feasibility
  of process integration
• Reporting BioNuclear concept v1
• Work will be done during autumn 2009.

11
References

• 1 Fortum, 2008. Ympäristö-vaikutusten
  arviointiselostus.
• 2 FENNOVOIMA, 2008. Ydinvoimalaitoksen
  ympäristövaikutusten arviointiselostus.
• 3 Google Maps, 2009.
• 4 CHEMREC, 2009. Turning Pulp Mills into
  Biorefineries.
• 5 Maine BioProducts, 2009. Maine BioProducts -
  Biofine Process.
• 6 Larson, E.D. et al., 2006. A Cost-Benefit
  Assessment of Gasification-Based Biorefining in
  the Kraft Pulp and Paper Industry. Volume 1 -
  Main Report, Princeton University.
• 7 Girisuta, B., 2007. Levulinic Acid from
  Lignocellulosic Biomass. Dissertation.
  Rijksuniversiteit Groningen.