Heather Campbell

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Teacher Expectations

• Heather Campbell
• Kristel Gammon
• Ayako Goto
• Pam Haan

2

• Pygmalion effect Exceptional progress by a
  student as a result of high teacher expectations
  for that student
• Self-fulfilling prophecy A ground-less
  expectation that is confirmed because it has been
  expected

3

• Sustaining expectation effect Student
  performance maintained at a certain level because
  teachers dont recognize improvements

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Teachers typically

• Expect less from students
• With low IQs
• Who are boys
• Who are not attractive
• Who do not participate in extra-curricular
  activities

• Expect more from students
• With high IQs
• Who are girls
• Who are attractive
• Who are in extra-curricular activities

5

• Notes from previous teachers, doctors or
  psychologists can also be sources of expectations
• Ethnicity and social class can also play a role
  in teacher expectations
• Previous achievements can also change the
  teachers expectations

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How the teachers expectation influence students

• Expectations from teachers affect students
  positively or negatively.
• When a teacher has high expectations, students
  tend to match and fulfill them.
• If a teacher lowers the achievement bar and has
  few expectations, students tend to match, and not
  exceed, these expectations.

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Factors that increase the affect teachers
expectations have on students

• Age on average, younger students are affected
  more
• Extremities of high and low expectation the
  greater the extremity, the greater the affect

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Six Dimensions of Teaching that can communicate
Expectations

• Task environment curriculum, procedures, task
  definition, pacing, qualities of environment

Students believed to be

• More capable
• More public performance opportunities
• More time to think

• Less capable
• Fewer opportunities for public speaking
• Less time to think

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• Grouping practices

Students believed to be

• More capable
• More assignments with comprehension and
  understanding

• Less capable
• Less choice on curriculum assignments

10

• Locus of responsibility for learning

Students believed to be

• Less capable
• Teachers frequently monitor and interrupt

• More capable
• More choices in assignments and fewer
  interruptions

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• Feedback and Evaluation practices

Students believed to be

• More capable
• More chances for self evaluation

• Less capable
• Less opportunity for self evaluation

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• Motivational strategies

Students believed to be

• More capable
• More honest/contingent feedback

• Less capable
• Less honest/more gratuitous/less contingent
  feedback

13

• Quality of teacher relationships

Students believed to be

• More capable
• More respect for the learner

• Less capable
• Less respect for the individual

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Quotes

• I skate to where the puck is going to be, not
  where it is.
• Wayne Gretzky

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• High expectations are the key to everything.
• Sam Walton