Siblings Dunn Aging Salthouse, Schaie, Caspi

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Siblings (Dunn) Aging (Salthouse, Schaie,
Caspi Roberts)Next time Continue Aging
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Siblings
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Siblings

• Individual Differences

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Siblings

• Individual Differences
• Temperament

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Siblings

• Individual Differences
• Temperament
• Parents

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Parents Contribution to Sibling Relations

• Parental relations
• Relations with child
• Parenting style
• Equality of treatment

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Siblings

• Individual Differences
• Temperament
• Parents
• Differences among Siblings Nonshared Environment

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Sibling Inventory of Differential Experience

• Sibling Interactions
• Sibling Antagonism
• In general, who has started fights more
  often?
• Sibling Caretaking
• In general, who has been more likely to take
  responsibility for the other?
• Sibling Jealousy
• In general, who has been more likely to get
  jealous of the other.
• Sibling Closeness
• In general, who has shown more affection
  toward the other?

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Sibling Inventory of Differential Experience

• Parental Treatment
• Maternal/Paternal Affection
• Has enjoyed doing things with us.
• Maternal/Paternal Control
• Has been strict with us.
• Peer-Group Characteristics
• Peer College-Orientation
• Ambitious.
• Peer Delinquency
• Rebellious
• Peer Popularity
• Outgoing.

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Siblings

• Individual Differences
• Temperament
• Parents
• Differences among Siblings Nonshared Environment
• Links to Peer Relations

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Siblings

• Individual Differences
• Temperament
• Parents
• Differences among Siblings Nonshared Environment
• Links to Peer Relations
• Developmental Changes

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Sibling Relations Developmental Changes

• More positive
• More equal
• Less important re companionship, social support

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Siblings

• Individual Differences
• Temperament
• Parents
• Differences among Siblings Nonshared Environment
• Links to Peer Relations
• Developmental Changes
• Effects

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Aging
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DEP 6406 Adult Development and Aging
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Susan BluckRobin WestMichael Marsiske
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Aging

• Reasons for interest
• Methods
• Intelligence
• IQ
• Memory
• Personality

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Reasons for Interest

• Increase in elderly population
• Pragmatic
• Theoretical
• Methodological

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Methods

• Sampling

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Methods

• Sampling
• Design

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Designs

• Cross-sectional
• Longitudinal

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Design
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Designs

• Cross-sectional
• Longitudinal
• Sequential

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Design
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Schaie, K. W. (2005). Developmental influences on
adult intelligence The Seattle Longitudinal
Study. New York Oxford University Press.
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Seattle Longitudinal Study
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Methods

• Sampling
• Design
• Measurement

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Measurement Equivalence Comparability of
procedures and measurements across the groups
being compared
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Diehl, M. K., Marsiske, M., Horgas, A. L.,
Rosenberg, A., Saczynski, J. S., Willis, S. L.
(2005). The Revised Observed Tasks of Daily
Living A performance-based assessment of
everyday problem solving in older adults. The
Journal of Applied Gerontology, 24,
211-230.Marsiske, M., Willis, S. L. (1995).
Dimensionality of everyday problem solving in
older adults. Psychology and Aging, 10, 269-283.
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OTDL Example Item Loading a Pill ReminderThe
tester presents a fictitious persons (named
Peggy Wright) medication chart and the medicine
bottles for all six medications listed on the
chart to the participant. On the chart, the
following three medications are marked with an
X1. Hygroton, 50 mg. Instructions Take 1
tablet in the morning with food.2. Capoten, 50
mg. Instructions Take 1 tablet 3 times a day.3.
Lasix, 40 mg. Instructions Take 1 tablet every
other day from Monday through Friday in the
morning.The tester presents a rectangular pill
reminder case with four small compartments
(morning, noon, evening, and bedtime) for each
day of the week (Sunday through Saturday).The
tester then presents a 4 x 6 in. (10.2 15.2 cm)
index card with the following instructions Mrs.
Wright uses this pill reminder so that she does
not forget to take her pills. Please fill this
timer with the 3 drugs marked on the medication
chart.Correct Steps Participants Steps1.
Hygroton all days morning 1.
_________________________________2. Capoten all
days morning, noon, and evening 2.
_________________________________3. Lasix
Monday, Wednesday, and Friday in the morning
3. _________________________________
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Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)Primary
Mental Abilities Test (PMA)
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Verbal MeaningInstructions Find the word that
means the same as the first word in the
row.ANCIENT A. dry B. long C. happy D. old E.
sloppyQUIET A. blue B. still C. tense D. watery
E. exactSAFE A. secure B. loyal C. passive D.
young E. deft
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NumberHow do you write in numbers Eleven
thousand and eleven? A. 111 B. 1,111 C. 11,011
D. 110,001 E. 111,0111/2 1/2 A. 1/8 B. 1/4
C. 1/2 D. 1 E. 216 x 99 A. 154 B. 1,584 C.
1,614 D. 15,084 E. 150,084
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ReasoningInstructions Find the letter that
follows the last letter in the row.c d c d c
d 1. c 2. d 3. e 4. f 5. ga b c a b d a b e a
b 1. b 2. c 3. d 4. e 5. fa m b a n b a o b a
p b a1. m 2. o 3. p 4. q 5. r
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Probability of a Decline in IQ

• Cross-sectional gt longitudinal

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Selective Dropout

• Siegler Botwinick (1979)

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Probability of a Decline in IQ

• Cross-sectional gt longitudinal
• Speeded gt nonspeeded
• Nonhealthy gt healthy
• Performance gt verbal
• Fluid gt crystallized

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Crystallized intelligence Knowledge acquired
through life experience and education
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Fluid intelligence Abilities that make people
flexible and adaptive thinkers and that allow the
drawing of inferences and understanding of
relations among concepts