Asian and European Quantum Computing Program

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Asian and European Quantum Computing Program

• Lerwen Liu, Ph.D.
• Technology Analyst, lliu_at_atip.or.jp
• Asian Technology Information Program (ATIP)

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OUTLINE

• ATIP
• JAPAN
• CHINA
• KOREA
• EUROPEAN COMMISSION
• COMMENTS CONCLUSIONS

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Asian Technology Information Program

• Non-Profit autonomous organization, based in
  Tokyo, correspondents in Japan, Australia, China,
  Korea, Taiwan, Singapore,India, Indonesia,
  Malaysia, and Thailand
• Activities
• Timely reporting and analysis on government and
  industry S T policy, trends and activities in
  Asia and Europe
• Closely monitor government and industry R D
  programs and development
• Briefings
• Technology tours and site visits
• Coverage of local and intl conferences
• http//www.atip.or.jp/, http//www.atip.org,
  http//www.etip.org

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Asian Technology Information Program

• Services
• technical reports
• consulting
• focused projects
• host visits and technology toursorganize
  seminars and workshops
• Expertise
• Multilingual
• Local access
• Topical Technological Expertise
• Wide network in Asia Pacific region and Europe
• Global/Regional Perspective
• Strong and close link with Asian and European
  government, industries and academics

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Asian Technology Information Program

• Asian European MEMS Free Access!!
  http//www.atip.or.jp/mems_info.html,
  Contactwaga_at_atip.or.jp Mounier_at_etip.org
• Nanotechnology - Contact lliu_at_atip.or.jp,
  http//www.atip.or.jp/REPORTSMATRIX/public/nanotec
  h_total.html
• Sponsored projects
• Spin Electronics Quantum Information Technology
• MEMS, BioMEMS, BioNEMS

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Asian Technology Information Program

• Examples of ATIP Reports in Nanotechnology
• Overview of Nanotechnology Efforts in Japan
• Japanese Research on Single-Electron Devices
• Molecular Electronic Devices Research in Japan
• Nanotechnology R D in Australia
• Molecular Nano-Machine R D in Japan
• Quantum Computer R D in Japan
• Bio-nanotechnology R D in Japan
• Nanotechnology in Korea
• Nanotechnology R D in Taiwan
• Nanotechnology R D in Asia Pacific Region- An
  Overview

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JAPAN

• The Ministry of Post Telecommunication (MPT)
  Quantum Information Technology Initiative
• Announced June 2000, 10 Year Plan, total budget
  requested US400M, starting 2001
• US15M was proposed for 2001 to the MOF
• Program leader - Prof. Hiroyuki Sakaki, Uni. Of
  Tokyo
• Initiator Dr Masayuki Izutsu, CRL, MPT
• Committee member and participation organization
• Communication Research Lab (CRL), MPT
• NEC, Fujitsu, Toshiba, Hitachi, Mitsubishi
  Electric, NTT
• Uni. Of Tokyo, Tamagawa Uni., Hokkaido Uni.,
  Graduate Uni. Of Advanced Studies

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JAPAN

• The Ministry of Post Telecommunication (MPT)
  Quantum Information Technology Initiative
• Areas covered
• Quantum Cryptography
• Quantum Communication
• Quantum Computer
• Quantum Device Development

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JAPAN

• Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST)
• CREST(Core Research Evolutionary Science
  Technology)
• Kawaji Project (1995-2002)-Quantum Effects and
  Related Phenomena
• Small Metallic Tunnel Junctions- Physics and
  Applications US1.5M/Year, Y. Nakamura at
  NEC-solid state implementation of a qubit in a
  small-Josephson-Junction device (single
  cooper-pair box)
• Prof. T. Sugano, Toyo Uni., (1998-2005)-Functional
  Evolution of Materials and Devices based on
  Electron/Photon Related Phenomena, US1M/Year for
  each group
• Studies on Coherent Quantum Dynamics in Solid
  State Device (RIKEN)
• Interacting Carrier Electronics (NTT)
• Quantum Scale System (Uni. Of Tokyo)

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JAPAN

• CREST
• Prof. T. Sugano, Toyo Uni., (1999-2004)-Controllin
  g Electron and Photons, US1M/Year for each group
• Nuclear Spin Network Quantum Computer, Prof. M.
  Kitagawa, Osaka Uni.
• ERATO (Exploratory Research for Advanced
  Technology) (US15M/5Years)
• Quantum Computation and Information Project,
  starting Oct 2000 (Prof. Imai, Uni. Of Tokyo)
• Tarucha Mesoscopic Correlation Project started
  1999
• ICORP(International Cooperative Research Project)
• Quantum Entanglement (1999-2004) US10M/5 Years,
  Y. Yamamoto
• Crystal Lattice Quantum Computation,
  semiconductor cavity QED, entangled electrons,
  photons and single spin measurements
• Quantum Measurement Theory

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JAPAN

• Ministry of International Trade and Industry
  (MITI)
• Quantum Functional Devices - (1991-2000,
  US8M/Year)
• Quantum Information Technology
• Quantum Electronics - small projects at MITI
  National Labs Industry labs
• New Initiative- Not yet
• Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and
  Culture (Monbusho)
• JSPS Research for the Future Programs
• Private University
• Industries
• NEC, NTT, Hitachi, Mitsubishi Electric,
  Fujitsu,Toshiba

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JAPAN

• List of Important Groups (QI, QC, Q Optics
  Device)
• Universities
• Dr. S. Takeuchi, Research Institute for
  Electronic Science, Hokkaido University,
  http//optsys.es.hokudai.ac.jp/takeuchi/
• Experimental demonstration of quantum algorithms
  using linear optics and single photons
• Generation manipulation of entangled photon
  pairs
• High quantum efficiency single/multi photon
  detectors systems
• Prof. M. Kitagawa, Graduate School of
  Engineering, Osaka University, http//www.osaka-u.
  ac.jp/annai/cgi-bin/esyousai.cgi?S12002K1091
• Crystal Lattice QC using nuclear spin of solid
  crystals to store qubit information
• Exploring Quantum computation with NMR technique
  using organic molecules
• Study basic concept of photon quantum entanglement

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JAPAN

• Universities -continued
• Prof. Tarucha, Dept. of Physics, Uni. Of Tokyo,
  http//tomoko.phys.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/tarucha-lab/
• Examining electron/photon related quantum
  coherence effects in artificial structures
  (quantum dots)
• Prof. Imai, Dept. of Information Science, Uni. Of
  Tokyo, http//www-imai.is.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/imai/
• Unifying advanced methodologies in Quantum
  Computation and Quantum Information, Quantum
  Cryptography
• Prof. T. Kobayashi, Dept. of Physics, Uni. Of
  Tokyo, http//femto.phys.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/
• Quantum Teleportation Of Squeezed States,
  collaborating with Akira Furukawa, Nikon)
• Prof. H. Ohno, Research Institute of Electrical
  Communication, Tohoku Uni., http//www.ohno.riec.
  tohoku.ac.jp/English/index-e.html
• Coherent Spin Dynamics in Semiconductor
  Nanostructures (Optical Manipulation of Nuclear
  Spins)

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JAPAN

• Universities -continued
• Prof. O. Hirota, Research Center for Quantum
  Communication, Tamagawa University,
  http//www.tamagawa.ac.jp/sisetu/gakujutu/pderc/rq
  cs/english/e-index.html
• Theoretical Studies on QC, Design hardware of QC
  for special function (for applications in
  cryptography)
• Prof. K. Iwama, School of Informatics, Kyoto
  University, http//konoe.lab2.kuis.kyoto-u.ac.jp/
  iwama/
• Quantum algorithms, Quantum automata
• Prof. M. Ozawa, School of Informatics Sciences,
  Nagoya University,
• Quantum Information Processing, Transmission
• Prof. M. Hayashi, Dept of Mathematics,
  Kyoto-University, http//www.mns.brain.riken.go.jp
  /masahito/
• Quantum Information Theory
• Prof. T. Nishino, Dept of Information
  Communication Engineering, Uni. Of
  Electro-Communications, http//www.tnlab.ice.uec.a
  c.jp/index-e.html
• Theory of NMR QC, Quantum Turing Machines

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JAPAN

• Universities - continued
• Dr N. Imoto M. Koashi, Graduate University of
  Advanced Studies,
• Theoretical Research on Qubit Control Transfer
• Prof. A. Hosoya, Dept of Physics, Tokyo
  Institute of Technology, http//www.th.phys.titech
  .ac.jp
• Quantum Algorithms
• Prof. Y. Amemiya, Hokkaido Uni.,
• Logic Gate Device for Quantum Computation (using
  a pair of electron waveguides with tunneling
  coupling)

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JAPAN

• National Laboratories
• MPT
• Kansai Advanced Research Center
  (KARC)-Manipulation and Measurement of Atomic
  Particles with Light (http//www-karc.crl.go.jp/)
• Laboratory for Photonic Information Technology,
  the Communication Research Lab (CRL)- Quantum
  Information Processing technology based on
  Single-Photon Control (http//www.photonic-crl.com
  /)
• MITI
• Electrotechnical Lab (ETL) - Quantum error
  correcting code for burst (clustered) error,
  quantum control theory, solid-state qubit
  (theory)http//www.etl.go.jp/shiro/welcome_e.htm
  l
• Osaka National Research Institute, QC using NMR
  technique, molecular design of Quantum Logic
  http//www.onri.go.jp/Special/syusekif/index_e.htm
  l
• NTT BRL, Studies of Interaction Effects in
  High-quality Semiconductor Structures
  (collaborate with Uni. Of Tokyo and Delft Uni. Of
  Technology)

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JAPAN

• National Laboratories - continued
• Science Technology Agency (STA)
• Physical Property Division, National Research
  Institute for Metals (NRIM) http//www.nrim.go.jp
  8080/open/usr/kido/index.htm
• Crystal growth for solid state QC
• Development of NMR techniques
• Development of SPM combined with high field
  magnet.
• Semiconductors Lab, RIKEN http//www.riken.go.jp/e
  ngn/index.html
• Quantum information processing using entanglement
  for optical and solid state systems
• Spin Coherence in Quantum coupled dots and CNT.
• Advanced Telecommunication Research Institute
  International (ATR)-Dr K. Igeta,
• Control Qubit without disturbing quantum
  coherence and quantum circuit design

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JAPAN

• Industries
• NEC - Fundamental Research Lab
• Quantum Cryptography
• Superconducting charge qubit, one-qubit
  experiment to study its decoherence properties
• Entangled mixed states in 2 qubits, decoherence
  and entanglement in two-mode Squeezed Vacuum
  States, Bell state measurement
• NTT- Basic Research Labs, http//www.brl.ntt.co.jp
  /E/index.html
• Phase Coherence in Coupled Quantum dot
• Radio-frequency SET technique to observe single
  electron dynamics
• Optical State Control
• Toshiba-Advanced Materials Devices Lab,
  Corporate Research Development Center
• Dr T. Tanamoto, Coupled Quantum Dot and Quantum
  Logic Gates in Si MOSFETS.

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JAPAN

• Industries -continued
• Fujitsu Research Lab
• Dr T. Ohshima, Photon and electron spin quantum
  computer and quantum communication (including
  cryptography)
• Information Technology R D Center, Mitsubishi
  Electric Corp, http//www.melco.co.jp/rd_home/map/
  j_s/j_s_e.html
• Dr M. Mitsui, Cryptography (Designer of the
  Encryption Algorithm MISTY)
• Hitachi Advanced Research Lab (HARL)
  http//hatoyama.hitachi.co.jp/
• Quantum Phase Superoperator, Photon Control

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KOREA

• Ministry of Education - Brain Korea 21 Program
• Quantum Optical Information Science (US450,000/3
  Years), http//bk21.kaist.ac.kr/hak_kwang.htm
• Ministry of Science and Technology
• Quantum Information Processing Systems
  (1998-2007, US1M/Year, Uni. Of Seoul, Solid
  State QC), http//iquips.uos.ac.kr/
• Nano-Functional Devices (2000-2009, US10M/Year,
  SAIT) http//www.nanotech.re.kr/
• NMR based Quantum Computation (US750,000/5
  years, At KAIST supported National Research
  Laboratory), http//mrm.kaist.ac.kr/qc/main.html
• Major Organizations
• Korea Advanced Institute of Science and
  Technology (KAIST)
• Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology(SAIT)
• University of Seoul

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CHINA

• Chinese Academic Sinica- Quantum Physics and
  Information Program, 4M RMB/year, 1999-
• National Natural Science Foundation of China -
  Information Science Division received a Proposal
  on QIT-Not yet decided
• Ministry of Science Technology - Initiative not
  yet

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CHINA

• Key Groups
• The Laboratory of Quantum Communication and
  Quantum Computation, University of Science and
  Technology, Prof. G.C. Guo, http//lqcc.ustc.edu.c
  n/en/index.htm
• Funding
• Chinese Academic Sinica
• National Natural Science Foundation of China
• Research Areas
• Quantum Cryptography Quantum Game Theory
• Quantum Communication Quantum Cloning
• Quantum Logic Network Quantum Simulation
  Computation
• Fundamental Theory of Quantum Information
• Key Achievements
• Probabilistic Cloning and Identification of
  Linearly Independent Quantum States
• Preserving Coherence in Quantum Computation by
  Pairing Quantum Bits

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CHINA

• Key Groups -continued
• Institute of Solid State Physics (CAS),
  http//www.issp.ac.cn/
• Solid State QC
• Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Molecular
  Physics, WuHan Physics and Mathematics Institute
  (CAS)
• NMR experiment, basic research in Quantum
  Optics, http//www.whcnc.ac.cn/wipm/lab/goal.htm
• Department of Physics, ZheJiang University
• Time Dependent Quantum Systems Quantum Optics
• Dept of Physics, University of Hong Kong,
  http//www.physics.hku.hk/lecturing_staff/chau.htm
  l
• construction and understanding of quantumerror
  correcting codes using ideas from algebraic
  geometry
• "post-modern" cryptographic protocol such as
  secure multiparty computation

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EUROPEAN COMMISSION

• Information Society Technologies (IST), Future
  Emerging Technologies (FET)-Proactive Initiative
  1999
• Quantum Information Processing and Communications
  (QIPC) http//www.cordis.lu/ist/fetqipc.htm
  (2000-, US20M/3Y)
• Topics covered
• Development of an elementary scaleable quantum
  processor
• Quantum algorithm development focused on "grand
  challenge" computational problems
• Longer Distance and Secure Quantum Communication
• Development of Novel Applications

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EUROPEAN COMMISSION

• Challenges
• Devising suitable methodologies for harnessing
  decoherence
• Quantum information storage and retrieval
• Read-out of intermediate and final results by
  measurement techniques
• Building a Quantum Toolbox
• Key Groups
• Cryptography and communication (Anders Karlsson)
• Decoherence control, scalability (P. Knight)
• Qubit and entanglement manipulation (R. Blatt)
• Input/Output (E. Polzik)
• New concepts of quantum information(J. Rarity)

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EUROPEAN COMMISSION

• List of QIPC Projects
• Superconducting Qubits Quantum Computing with
  Josephson Junctions, Chalmers University Of
  Technology, Sweden, Prof. G. Wendin,
  httpfy.chalmers.se/wendin/SQUBIT/
• Semiconductor-Based Implementation of Quantum
  Information Devices, Prof. Fausto Rossi,
  Fondazione I.S.I. - Instituto Per l'Interscambio
  Scientifico, Italy
• Solid State Sources for Single Photons, Dr Izo
  ABRAM, FRANCE TELECOM - CNET, France
• Quantum information with continuous variables,
  Gerd Leuchs, University Erlangen-Nuernberg,
  Germany, http//kerr.physik.uni-erlangen.de/quico
  v/
• Long Distance Photonic Quantum Communication,
  Anders Karlsson, Kungliga Tekniska Hogskolan,
  Sweden, http//www.ele.kth.se/QEO/qucomm/

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EUROPEAN COMMISSION

• List of QIPC Projects -continued
• Quantum Based Information Processing and Transfer
  Using Single Atoms and Photons , P. Knight, The
  Imperial College of Science Technology and
  Medicine, UK, http//www.ph.ic.ac.uk/qubits/casa.h
  tm
• Study for the construction of a Quantum
  Information Processing Device using Doped
  Fullerenes, Jason Twamley, National University of
  Ireland Maynooth, http//planck.thphys.may.ie/QIP
  DDF/
• Quantum Algorithms and Information Processing,
  Harry Buhrman, Stichting Mathematics Centrum, The
  Netherlands, http//www.cwi.nl/projects/QAIP/
• Quantum computation novel algorithms and their
  many-body implementations, Thomas Beth,
  Universitaet Karlsruhe. Germany

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EUROPEAN COMMISSION

• List of QIPC Projects -continued
• Enabling Technologies for Quantum Information
  Systems, Gerald Buller, Heriot-Watt University,
  UK
• Entanglement in Quantum Information Processing
  and Communication, Martin Wilkens, Universitaet
  Potsdam, Germany
• Atomics Chips for Quantum Information Research,
  Hannes Jörg Schmiedmayer, Leopold-Franzens
  Universität Innsbruck, Institut für
  Experimentalphysik, Austria, http//acquire.uibk.
  ac.at/
• More
• Institute of Experimental Physics, at University
  of Vienna, Prof. Anton Zeilinger,
  http//www.quantum.univie.ac.at/
• Control and Measurement of Coherent Quantum
  Systems, Austria Science Fund
• Long Distance Photonic Quantum Communication, EU
• Coherent Matter Wave Interactions, EU

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EUROPEAN COMMISSION

• More
• Center for Quantum Computation, Uni. Of Oxford,
  http//www.qubit.org/, supported by EU and UK
  government
• Fundamentals of QI and Architectures for
  Nanometer Scale Computing
• Ion Trap QIP, NMR QIP, Entangled Photons
  (Cryptography)

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COMMENTS CONCLUSIONS

• EC-well organized, coordinated
• Asia
• Development has been inspired by the West
• Within a country, a coordinating effort is
  developing
• Cross countries, lack of communication and
  collaboration
• Japan has good semiconductor infrastructures,
  stronger support from the government, focused on
  device development
• China and Korea are lack of funding, although
  China has an earlier start in QC theory.