Title: Innovations in ICP Sample Introduction
1Innovations in ICP Sample Introduction
- Jerry Dulude, Glass Expansion, Inc.
- 4 Barlows Landing Rd.
- Pocasset, MA
2Summary of Discussion
- Low Flow Nebulizers
- Helix Oring-free Spray Chambers
- New Internal Standard Kit
- Niagara Rapid Rinse Accessory
Innovations in Sample Introduction
3Applications of Low-Flow Nebulizers
- Limited sample volumes
- Volatile samples
- Expensive waste disposal
- ICP-MS-LC interface
Low-Flow Nebulizers
4Range of Low-Flow Nebulizers
- MicroMist- Concentric glass nebulizer
- 0.05 to 0.6 ml/min
- PolyCon- Concentric polyimide nebulizer
- 0.05 to 0.6ml/min
- OpalMist- Concentric PFA nebulizer
- 0.01 to 0.6ml/min
Low-Flow Nebulizers
5Transport Efficiency vs. Uptake
EFFICIENCY
UPTAKE RATE (ML/MIN)
Indirect drain collection method
Low-Flow Nebulizers
6Tertiary Flow Rate vs. Uptake
Tertiary Flow Rate (ul/min)
Low-Flow Nebulizers
7Corroboration of Tertiary Flow Rates
Uptake rate (ml/min) Indirect Method (mg/min) Direct Method (mg/min)
0.03 15 14
0.11 23 21
- Todoli, Hernandis, Canals, and Mermet, JAAS,
1999, 14, 1289-1295 - Using GE MicroMist nebulizer with U-tube
absorption for measurement
Low-Flow Nebulizers
8Primary Aerosol Size Distribution Comparison
Nebulizer Gas Flow Rate 1.0 L/Min Solution
Uptake Rate Natural Aspiration
Normalized Count
MicroMist (0.03ml/min)
Normalized Volume
Low-Flow Nebulizers
9Tertiary Aerosol Size Distribution Comparison
Nebulizer Gas Flow Rate 1.0 L/Min Solution
Uptake Rate Natural Aspiration
Baffled Cyclonic Spray Chamber
Normalized Count
Low-Flow Nebulizers
10New Micro-Flow OpalMist
- All PFA construction
- Natural uptake rate of 0.010 ml/min
- Ultra-high purity applications
- Ideal for micro samples down to 20 ul volume
Low-Flow Nebulizers
11Cyclonic Spray ChambersAdvances in Nebulizer
Installation
1993
1984
1996
Helix Oring free spray chamber
12Helix O'ring-Free Spray Chamber
- Reduced carryover
- Faster washout
- Higher purity
- Can stand up to ketones and other solvents
Helix Oring free spray chamber
13New Internal Standard KitBenefits of Internal
Standardization
- Compensate for physical interferences
- Viscosity
- Surface tension
- Compensate for some chemical interferences
- High salts
- Mass related effects (ICP-MS)
- Improve short term precision (simultaneous
detectors) - Decrease long-term drift
Internal Standard Kit
14New Modular Internal Standard Kit
Internal Standard Kit
15IS Tee with Built-in Mixing Chamber
Internal Standard Kit
16New Flared-End Pump Tubing
The final building block of a totally modular
system
Internal Standard Kit
17IS Schematic
Peri Pump
Sample
IS
Internal Standard Kit
18Niagara Rapid Rinse Accessory
- Interfaces between ICP Autosampler
- Reduces required rinse time
- Programmable delay time
- Less than 8 inches high
- Includes adj. height stand
Rapid Rinse Accessory
19How Niagara Works
Rinse
Analysis
Rapid Rinse Accessory
20Niagara Time Saving (30 sec rinse)
Standard System With Niagara
Probe to sample 5 5
Uptake delay 15 15
Stabilization 10 10
Read 15 15
Probe to rinse 5 5
Rinse 30 5
Total (seconds) 80 55
Rinse steps
Rapid Rinse Accessory
21Summary
- MicroMist nebulizers
- Efficient sample consumption
- Minimum waste generation
- Helix spray chambers
- Eliminate oring maintenance and contamination
- Reduce carryover
- Internal standard kit
- Improved accuracy without the work
- Easy inexpensive modular replacement
- Niagara Rapid Rinse Accessory
- More samples per hour
- Faster sample turnaround time
Rapid Rinse Accessory