2002 Research Update

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2002 Research Update
Horst Caspari, Harold Larsen, Cate Hight Colorado
State University Western Colorado Research
Center Grand Junction, CO 81503 Ph [phone]
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Application of Crop Modeling for Sustainable
Grape Production

• A new 3-year project jointly funded through
• RMAVV
• Colorado Specialty Crops Program
• EPA

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Application of Crop Modeling for Sustainable
Grape Production

• and supported by
• Canyon Wind Cellars
• Grande River Vineyards
• (and we are looking for two more vineyards to
  join each in 2003 and 2004)

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Application of Crop Modeling for Sustainable
Grape Production

• Objectives
• Replace calendar-based spray programs with an
  as-needed program
• Reduce the number of fungicide applications in CO
  vineyards
• Reduce production costs
• Reduce environmental impact
• Part of the development of an IPM system for the
  CO wine industry

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Application of Crop Modeling for Sustainable
Grape Production

• Essential pieces of the project are
• Adcon weather stations (ET0)
• 2002 (2)
• 2003 (4)
• 2004 (6)
• Powdery mildew disease models
• Gubler-Thomas
• Kast

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Application of Crop Modeling for Sustainable
Grape Production

• Essential pieces of the project are
• One acre plots of Chardonnay
• 2002 - Canyon Wind Cellars, Grande River
  Vineyards
• 2003 - CWC, GRV plus two more sites (4)
• 2004 Same as in 2003 plus two more sites (6)
• Field scout
• Technical advisors (HL, RS, HC)

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Weather 2002
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Weather 2002
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Weather 2002
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Weather 2002
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Weather 2002

• Two small rain events late April
• Two small rain events in May/June
• Significant rain in late July
• More rain events in August
• Wet and cool September

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Requirements for Primary Infection

• Gubler-Thomas model
• Rain ? 0.1
• Leaf wetness duration of ? 8 hours
• Temperature ? 50 F

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Leaf Wetness 2002
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Leaf Wetness 2002
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Leaf Wetness 2002
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Leaf Wetness 2002
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Leaf Wetness 2002
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Leaf Wetness 2002
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Requirements for Primary Infection

• were met during late July
• Further rain events and lower temperatures in
  early August likely contributed to further
  infections

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Requirements for conidial infection

• Gubler-Thomas model
• At least 3 consecutive days with at least 6 hours
  of temperatures between 70 ºF and 85 ºF.

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Powdery Mildew Model
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Powdery Mildew Model
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Powdery Mildew Model
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Powdery Mildew Model
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Powdery Mildew Model Output

• Gubler-Thomas model
• Pressure Index started rising in late April
• Pressure Index reached 100 (maximum) in early
  May, and stayed ?60 until late August
• Kast model
• Pressure Index stayed low until early August

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Powdery Mildew Model Output
How did we use the model information?
Not at all!
Sprays were applied according to

• Calendar-based spray program

• Disease monitoring (Scout-based) spray program

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Model Application
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Model Application
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Model Application
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Model Application
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Approximate Spray Material Costs

• Grande River
• Grower Treatment 98/acre
• Reduced Treatment 46/acre
• Cost Savings approx. 52/acre
• Canyon Wind (Identical Grower Reduced
  Treatments)
• Grower Treatment 31/acre
• Reduced Treatment 31/acre
• Cost Savings 0/acre

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Summary 2002

• Successful first year
• Models need further evaluation under Colorado
  conditions
• Scouting approach led to substantial savings in
  spray applications

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Thank you for your attention
Dr. Horst Caspari Department of Horticulture
Landscape Architecture Colorado State
University Western Colorado Research Center Grand
Junction, CO 81503 Ph [phone]