Vygotsky Wertsch

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Vygotsky (Wertsch Tulviste)Language
Development (Kuczaj Hill Kuhl)Next time
Continue Language
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Social Bases of Memory
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ElaborativeP Did we see any big fish? What
kind of fishes?C Big, big, big.P And whats
their names?C I dont know.P You remember the
names of the fishes. What we called them.
Michaels favorite kind of fish. Big mean ugly
fish.C Yeah.P What kind is it?C Um, baP A
ssshark?C YeahP Remember the sharks?C
Yeah.P Do you? What else did we see in the big
tank at the aquarium?...C Ducks!P Nooo! They
werent ducks. They had on little suits.
Penguins. Remember, what did the penguins do?
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RepetitiveP How did we get to Florida, do you
remember?C Yes.P How did we get there? What
did you do? You remember?C Yeah.P Oh, okay.
Remember when we went to Florida, how did we get
there? We went in the___?C The ocean.P Well,
be, when we got to Florida we went to the ocean,
thats right, but how did we get down to Florida?
Did we drive our car? C Yes.P No, think
again.How did we get down there, remember, we
took a great big___? Do you remember?
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Autobiographical Memory Specific, personal, and
long-lasting memory regarding the self
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Infantile Amnesia The inability to remember
experiences from the first 2 or 3 years of life
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• Table 7.5 Comparing Vygotskys and Piagets
  theories of cognitive development

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Language Development
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MacWhinney, B. (2005). Language development. In
M. H. Bornstein M. E. Lamb (Eds.).
Developmental science An advanced textbook (5th
ed., pp. 359-387). Mahwah, NJ Erlbaum.Tomasello
, M. (2006). Acquiring linguistic constructions.
In W. Damon (Series Ed.) D. Kuhn R. S.
Siegler (Vol. Eds.), Handbook of child
psychology Vol. 2. Cognition, perception, and
language (6th ed., pp. 255-298). New York
Wiley.Waxman, S. R. (2006). Early word
learning. In W. Damon (Series Ed.) D. Kuhn R.
S. Siegler (Vol. Eds.), Handbook of child
psychology Vol. 2. Cognition, perception, and
language (6th ed., pp. 299-335). New York
Wiley.
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Aspects of Language

• Phonology
• Semantics
• Grammar (Syntax)
• Pragmatics

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CHILDES (Child Language Data Exchange
System)http//childes.psy.cmu.edu
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Berko (1958)
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F11_01
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Characteristics of Early Words

• Overextensions

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Overextension An early language error in which
children use a label too broadly
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Characteristics of Early Words

• Overextensions
• Underextensions

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Underextension An early language error in which
children use a label too narrowly
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Characteristics of Early Words

• Overextensions
• Underextensions
• Intermediate level of specificy

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Characteristics of Early Words

• Overextensions
• Underextensions
• Intermediate level of specificy
• Holophrases

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Holophrase A one-word utterance that is intended
to convey a meaning similar to that of a full
sentence
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General Points about Early Language
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General Points about Early Language

• Meaning ahead of structure

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General Points about Early Language

• Meaning ahead of structure
• Interpretation dependent on context

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General Points about Early Language

• Meaning ahead of structure
• Interpretation dependent on context
• Comprehension ahead of production

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General Points about Early Language

• Meaning ahead of structure
• Interpretation dependent on context
• Comprehension ahead of production
• Individual differences

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General Points about Early Language

• Meaning ahead of structure
• Interpretation dependent on context
• Comprehension ahead of production
• Individual differences
• Parts in isolation

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• Table 10.3 Similarities in Childrens Spontaneous
  Two-Word Sentences in Four Languages. SOURCE
  Adapted from Slobin, 1979.

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General Points about Early Language

• Meaning ahead of structure
• Interpretation dependent on context
• Comprehension ahead of production
• Individual differences
• Parts in isolation

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General Points about Early Language

• Meaning ahead of structure
• Interpretation dependent on context
• Comprehension ahead of production
• Individual differences
• Parts in isolation
• Creativity

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Inflections The aspect of grammar that involves
adding endings to words to modify the words
meanings
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Overregularization A language error in which
children apply inflectional rules to irregular
forms