Technostarters and the Third Generation University

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Technostarters and the Third Generation University
Presentation for the Conference of the Polish
Agency for Enterprise Development Warsaw, 19th
May 2006

• J.G. Wissema
• Delft University of Technology
• J.G. Wissema Associates bv
• www.wissema.com

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Contents of the book
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Chapter 1About technostarters and why we should
support them
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Who are the technostarters?

• Technostarters are students or staff members who
  establish their own technology based firm
• They are people with initiative who are willing
  to take full responsibility of their own life and
  work
• Technostarters are learners and good organisers
• Most technostarters do not want to work for a
  boss ..
• .but some see the start-up as a career
  opportunity as industry needs entrepreneurs, not
  managers
• It does not take a special gene. Every student or
  staff member can become an entrepreneur

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Why do people do it?

• I want to take responsibility for my own future
  (53)
• I relish the challenge of going it alone (52)
• I want to be my own boss (48)
• I have a unique idea (43)
• I want to make more money (28)
• I am unhappy in my job (19)
• I want flexible working hours (8)
• I am unemployed (6)
• Source Shell LiveWIRE Entrepreneur of the Year
  Award Finalists Report 2004

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Role of the technostarters

• High technology companies are both an important
  part of our worlds economic growth as well as
  the place where many young entrepreneurs realise
  their dreams
• John L. Hennesy, President of Stanford
  University and (co-)founder of high tech firms

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Why support technostarters?
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Bank Boston Report

• In 1997 there were 4000 MIT-related companies
  (located world wide)
• These employed 1.1 million people
• Annual world sales of 232 billion
• That is roughly equal to a gross domestic product
  of 116 billion, which is comparable to the 1996
  GDP of South Africa or Thailand
• MIT also imports entrepreneurs as many
  companies were not spin-outs of the university
  but rather company founders who came to
  Massachusetts to benefit from the presence of MIT

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Social trend
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Chapter 2Development of universities
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Trends in universities
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The medieval university

• Abelard established dialectics and scholastic
  method
• First university in Bologna (1158), then Paris
  (1200), 20 by 1300
• Faculties in theology, law, medicine and artes
• Organisation very much by Nations
• Rector, chancellor and General Assembly
• Loosely organised along individual teachers
• No research as we know it
• Objectives enlightenment of the world and
  stimulation of obedience

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First Transition period

• Humanism (1350 1550) human dignity first,
  freedom, value of the personality
• Studium turns into a common quest for learning
• Reformation
• Book printing
• Universities closer to secular authorities
• Early development of scientific method,
  experimentation, logical argumentation
• New developments emerged outside the universities
  in special schools
• Enlightenment in the 18th century

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The Humboldt university

• Elite university (intellectually)
• Research is the main task and education is
  integrated with it
• Based on rationality, not authority
• Research is mono-disciplinary
• University becomes nationalistic Latin
  disappears as lingua franca inter-university
  mobility ends
• Governance is by Senate (professors and doctors)
  and Supervisors, all part time jobs

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Developments in the 1960s

• Large influx of students (from intellectual elite
  to mass university)
• Increased governmental control ? increased
  bureaucracy ? increased management effort
• Entry of new sciences such as social sciences
• Rise of multi-disciplinary research (from
  mono-disciplinary to multi-disciplinary
  university)
• Rise of institutes for applied research outside
  the university, as universities focus on pure
  science and are hence unable to grasp this
  opportunity

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New challenges in the 1990s

• Universities play a major role in the development
  of the IT industry and later the start of the
  life sciences industry
• IT is developed through technostarters ? emphasis
  on technostarters
• Universities become regarded as an element of the
  National Innovation System
• Partly because of these trends, partly because
  the need of generating more income, universities
  wish (or have to) start systematic know how
  exploitation
• Globalisation leads to increased competition
  between universities the BA/MA system stimulates
  this and funds become available

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Chapter 3Third Generation University
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The Cambridge Phenomenon

• In 1960 few commercial activities around the
  university
• Now 3000 high tech firms with direct employment
  of
• 60 000
• Development largely due to private initiative and
  initiatives of Colleges
• After 1996 university seeks cooperation with
  industry
• After 1997 government funds for
  commercialisation
• Business School in 1990, Centre for
  Entrepreneurship started in 2003
• Many groups of business angels and professional
  service firms and other private initiative
• Still largest number of Nobel Laureates

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Competition leads to two kinds of universities
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Emerging The 3rd generation university and the
know how carousel
Know how carousel the more
elements, the more the others are
reinforced. Synergy and scale
create winners
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The 3rd GU seven point star
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Chapter 4How to support technostarters
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The how-question Four ingredients
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Creating the flow of starters
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Synchronised education
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Overview of a educational programme for
entrepreneurs
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The role of informal investors
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Creating the flow of supportProfessional
support by sponsors
Activities
Foundation Network Young Entrepreneurship
Education
Delft University of Technology
Three optional courses at TSE
Section Technology, Strategy Entrepreneurship
Sponsoring Companies
Coaching
Coaching in the field of creating up a business
plan and setting up a company
Financial administration, fiscal affairs
Services
Business plan / strategy
Intellectual Properties
Free (or reduced costs) services offered by
sponsoring companies
Investments
Legal Advise
Marketing and Communication
Network function
Offering an informal network of entrepreneurs and
companies that support entrepreneurship
Friends
Alumni
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Chapter 6Organising for know how
commercialisation and technostarters
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Know how commercialisation
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3G Board of Management
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Organisation of commercialisation
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Comprehensive form