Very Asymmetric Supernovae

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Very Asymmetric Supernovae

• MacFadyen (IAS,NYU)
• w/ W. Zhang, S. Woosley, D.Uzdensky

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Asymmetry - Small and Big

• Polarization measurements (e.g. Leonard
  Filippenko et al, Wang Wheeler et al), Chugai
• X-ray afterglows of GRB/SN

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Superbowl Burst
GRB Light Curves
SN2003dh
0.5 Msun Ni56
Matheson et al.
ms variability non-thermal spectrum
M E/ G c2 10-6 Msun
Ultra-relativistic Ultra-clean
Compactness -gt ? 100
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GRB X-ray Afterglows
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Nickel Wind
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GRB/SN dynamics

• Relativity (SR GR)
• Range of length scales ? resolution
• Rotation
• 2D/3D
• Magnetic Fields
• Nuclear Physics
• Neutrinos
• EOS

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Asymmetric SN Simulation

• MHD
• Bisnovatyi-Kogan et al (1972),
  LeBlancWilson(1972), Wheeler et al
  (2000,2002),Moiseenko, Sawai, Nagataki,Burrows et
  al 2007
• Accoustic
• Burrows et al (2005), Murphy
• SASI Blondin et al

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RAM

• Special Relativistic
• Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR)
• Self Gravity w/ Pseudo GR potential
• Nuclear Reactions w/ photodisint.
• Neutrino Cooling (optically thin)
• Black hole boundary condition
• Based on ASCI/FLASH code
• Extensively Tested

Zhang MacFadyen (2005)
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1st Collapsar Simulations

• pre-SN 15 Msun Helium star
• Newtonian Hydrodynamics (PPM)
• alpha viscosity
• rotation
• photodisintegration (NSE alpha, n, p)
• neutrino cooling, thermal URCA optically thin
• Ideal nucleons, radiation, relativistic
  degenerate electrons, positions
• 2D axisymmetric, spherical grid
• self gravity
• Rin 9 Rs Rout 9000 Rs

MacFadyen Woosley (1999)
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Disk Formation
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a 0.1 ltMgt 0.07 Msun /s 1.3 x 1053 erg/s
Nucleon fraction
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R star 1011 cm (3 lt-s) R hole 106 cm (3e-5
lt-s)
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a 0.1 ltMgt 0.07 Msun /s 1.3 x 1053 erg/s
Nucleon fraction
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Thermal vs. URCA neutrinosURCA 10 times more
important
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Collapsar Relativistic AMR

• rho 109 g/cm3
• T 1010 K
• M_dot 0.1 M_sun/s
• t_acc 20 s
• R_in 2 R_g

108cm
-108cm
Mdot 0.08 Msun/s for 20 s
t
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Relativistc Jet Wind
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Same star exploded with a range of explosion
energies. Significant accretion for thousands of
seconds to days.
Fallback accretion
MacFadyen, Woosley Heger (2001)
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MHD Collapsar ZEUS-2D, Blinnikov EOS, Neutrino
Cooling, PD (MW99)
Proga, MacFadyen, Armitage Begelman (ApJL,2001)
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Magnetic Towers
Uzdensky MacFadyen (2006)
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Amneotic Magnetar
Uzdensky MacFadyen (2007)
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Relativistic Mixing
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Relativistic Turbulence