Modeling Sourcewater Contributions to Streamflow

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Modeling Source-water Contributions to Streamflow
along a Stream-Lake-Stream Couplet in a Mountain
Watershed
Christopher D. Arp Dept. of Biology and The
Ecology Center Utah State University GIS in
Water Resources term project - November 2002
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understanding and predicting how linkages between
lakes and streams effect aquatic ecosystem
structure and function

• My Research hydrologic controls on N cycling
• hillslope-to-stream scale
• stream-reach scale
• watershed scale TOPMODEL
  GISWR termproject

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Watershed Hydrology (TOPMODEL) source-water
volumes V
Mixing Model
CTVT CsurfVsurf CsoilVsoil CgwVgw

• surface runoff (surf)
• soil water (soil)
• groundwater (gw)

Watershed Chemistry (endmember sampling) source-wa
ter concentrations C
Time

• Goals
• Understanding watershed processes and stream
  biogeochemistry
• Application land-use, aquatic ecosystems,
  water quality

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• TERM PROJECT OBJECTIVES
• Review of TOPMODEL applications for hydrochemical
  modeling
• Acquire necessary data (input validation)
• Prepare DEM using TauDEM
• Analysis of study catchments using tools in
  ArcGIS TauDEM

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INPUT DATA (spatial)
Topography Hydrography Digital Elevation Model
(DEM) 30 m USGS National Elevation Dataset
http//edcnts12.cr.usgs.gov/ned Drainage
Network National Hydrography Dataset
http//nhd.usgs.gov/data.html
Soils (porosity) County Soils Database (SSURGO)
NO DICE! http//www.ftw.nrcs.usda.gov/ssurgo_data.
html State Soils Database (STATGO) 1250,000
NG! http//www.ftw.nrcs.usda.gov/stat_data.html
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INPUT DATA (climate)

• Temperature (daily)
• on-site weather station ( 2130 m)

• Rainfall
• Snow Water Equivalents (daily)
• NRCS SNOTEL STATION
• (Banner Summit 312)
• http//www.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov/snotel/snotel
• .pl?sitenum312stateid
• Proximity N44.30, W115.23 (2150 m)

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VALIDATION CALIBRATION DATA (streamflow)
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• DEM PROCESSING STEPS
• Project DEM NHD datasets UTM zone 11
• Fill Pits, D8 Dinf Directions, Contributing
  Areas
• River Network Delineation
• Compare NHD network to DEM generated network,
• edit channel network and burn-in new
  network
• Stream delineation and constant drop test
• Add catchment outlets
• Delineate catchments and subbasins
• Calculate wetness index and flow path lengths

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Network Discrepancy
Edited Network
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Raw Spatial Data
TOPsetup Ready
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What Next?

• Get soils data
• Determine which version of TOPMODEL
• is best for this application
• Run TOPsetup
• (if Tarboton version of TOPMODEL is
  selected)
• Determine appropriate submodels
• for ET and snowmelt
• 5. Run TOPMODEL and compare results
• to empirical Q data
• 6. Etc, Etc, Etc