Approach and Policies against Drought:

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• Approach and Policies against Drought
• the Experience of the IAMB in Syria
• Damascus, 1- 2 July 2008

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(No Transcript)
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Reducing of the water Resources
2003
Gbara Spring
2006
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Cooperation ProjectRationalization of Ras El
Ain irrigation systems
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GENERAL OBJECTIVES Food and income
security SPECIFIC PURPOSE Reduce the use of
groundwater resources in the project area.
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Projects results
Water saved Wheat 42 - 55 Water saved
Cotton 42
Save water resources
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IMPROVED SURFACE IRRIGATION SYSTEM
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Tools for Irrigation
Weather Station
Weekly Meteorological Data
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Tools for Irrigation
Tensiometer
Field capacity (low)
Field capacity (full)
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Tools for Irrigation
Field monitoring
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Tools for Irrigation
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Increase Yields and Saving of water resources
3 -Training
2-New machinery
4 -New crops
1-New Irrigation system
5-Agricultural techniques
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Mechanical seeding machine

• It used for seeding
• wheat
• Brassica
• Soybean
• Sorghum
• Chickpea

Seeding by furrows for winter crops
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Pneumatic seeding machine

• It used for seeding
• Cotton
• Sunflower
• Maize
• Soybean

Seeding by furrows for summer crops
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Improving the Ministry of Irrigation and
Ministry of Agriculture performances

• Trainings for farmers and technicians
• Data base
• GIS/TIS Unit
• Equipments
• Laboratories
• Guidelines
• Crop Manuals

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Sustainability of the project Implementation
together with Irrigation and Agriculture
Ministry's Technicians
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The actual situation and future prospective
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Problems
Excessive and irrational use of natural resources

• Water
• Soil
• Bio diversity

Poor agriculture and high-cost production

• Old and poor mechanization
• Inadequate irrigation and agronomical practices
• High costs of production

Agriculture production Water
Low-efficient (water) agriculture production
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Water Consumption for 1 KG of agriculture
production
Cotton from 1,700 to 3,300 Liters of Water for 1
Kg
Wheat from 600 to 1,600 Liters of Water for 1 Kg
Losing of production (all steeps) loosing of
water
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New way for future
Not only Irrigation but integrated process !
More Efficient Exploitation with rationale
Technologies and Methodologies
WATER
More Efficient use of Rain Fed cultivation (Water
Harvesting)
Integration of Agronomical practices and
Irrigation
Genetic resources and crops more draught resistant
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New way for future
New concept inside of any product (from
agriculture or from industry) there is water !
More Efficient Use of Inputs (less inputs less
water)
Decreasing of losing (production, transportation,
storage, food processing)
WATER
Correct evaluation of availability of resources
and water demand
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New way for future
Consideration Not only agriculture is using
Water !
More Efficient System of water distribution
(decreasing of loses)
Decreasing of losing and consumption from all,
civil and productive sectors
WATER
New policy and management for water
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New way for future
Starting point Knowledge of the available
Resources and the Crops and Peoples necessities!
Water, Soil and their use
Studies and analysis of the available resources
Evaluation of the demand and necessities
New Plans for sustainable exploitation and use of
water
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Thank you for attention
CIHEAM - IAMB Mediterranean Agronomic Institute
of Bari - Italy Via Ceglie, 9 70010 Valenzano
(Bari) Italy, Phone [phone] Fax 39
080 4606210 www.iamb.it