Domotics and Social Housing Corporations

1
Domotics and Social Housing Corporations

• A laborious relationship
• drs. J. Smeets
• REMD

2
Content

• 1. Social Housing Corporations
• 2. Domotics
• 3. The process of Adoption
• 4. In practice
• 5. Closure

3
1. A Social Housing Corporation
Accepted institution Active exclusively in the
domain of housing In practice, a combined action
of municipality and housing corporation
4
1. Social Housing Corporations (2)
Societal centerfield player - Guarantee
function preservation of pluralism - Leading
edge function room for innovation - Responding
function protection of consumer interests -
Service organization create end-user values -
Societal function binding force
5
1. Social Housing Corporations (3)

• BBSH 1993 prescribes output
• Suitable housing for target groups
• Quality policy
• Tenant involvement
• Guarantee financial continuity
• Addition 1997
• Quality of Life
• Addition 2001
• Dwelling and care

6
1. Social Housing Corporations (4) Major
housing providers for older persons 55 in
dwellings Total NL Corporations 1998
35 50 2020 50 70-80
7
Possible directions of development


Financial-economic returns
Real estate company
Customer corporation
Real estate
people
Neighborhood director
Supply corporation
Emancipation machine
Social returns
8

• Application areas
• Care
• Communication
• Work
• Leisure
• Comfort
• Energy
• Management

9
3. Adoption of innovations
Rogers E.M. (1995) Diffusion of
innovations Distinguishes initiation and
implementation The initiation stage contains 3
phases Knowledge Convincing Decision Willem
Bouman (TeMa) applied this approach to
the Adoption of domotics by social housing
corporations
10
Adoption process in domotics
Knowledge stage

• Environmental factors
• in relation to
• domotics
• Technical
• Economical
• Juridical
• Social

No adoption

• Perceived
• characteristics
• of domotics
• Relative advantage
• Compatibility
• Complexity
• Testability
• Visibility
• Uncertainty
• Obstruction

Convincing stage
No adoption
Decision stage
No adoption
Adoption
Source MSc thesis Willem Bouman
11
Knowledge stage

• Influential factors from the environment at this
  stage
• Recognizing needs
• Reporting on domotics
• Information of commercial partners
• Information of non-commercial partners
• Knowledge of technology
• Knowledge of functionality

12
Convincing stage (1)

• Important influences from the environment at this
  stage
• Information received from other housing
  corporations

13
Convincing stage (2)
Relative advantages Advantage increased
security, safety and comfort Advantage improved
rentability (less mutations etc.) Advantage
public funding (in part) Advantage decrease of
social costs Advantage extending
independence Advantage Imago improvement Disadv
antage high investment costs Disadvantage
increased maintenance costs
14
Convincing stage (3)
Compatibility with standards, aims and
legislature In accordance with BBSH Match with
requests of target group Compatible with
operating procedures of care supplier Compatible
with legislature Compatibility with fire
department and police
15
Convincing stage (4)

• Complexity
• Complexity of development / renovation / major
  maintenance
• Complexity of outsourcing
• Complexity of lack of standardization systems
• Complexity of lack of integration of systems and
  organisations
• Complexity of the habituation of the end-user

16
Convincing stage (5)

• Testability
• Opportunities to experiment
• Best practice, test dwelling, model dwelling
• Visibility
• Visible to others
• Domotics mainly in the private domain
• Importance of media interest

17
Convincing stage (6)

• Doubt
• A number of risks
• Investments
• Functioning
• Costs / benefits
• Social acceptance

18
Costs Simple system active personal alarm with
wireless button, electronic front-door
lock, integrated video-intercom, smoke
sensor 2,500 Euro Extended system - 7,500
Euro Comes on top of uneconomic part of about
50,000 Euro
19
Convincing stage (7)

• Obstruction
• Negative influence on decision making
• Uncertainty about the life cycle
• Uncertainty about standardisation
• Uncertainty about future options
• (wireless?)

20
Decision stage

• Issues of this stage
• Suitability, especially in existing dwellings
• Costs
• Building Services companies lack essential
  knowledge
• Scale level
• Alarm reception
• Alarm pursuit

21
4. In practice (1)
Housing corporations are in the convincing
stage Many experimental projects! In 2000
temporary national funding program for Home Care
Technology Stimulation - 30 funding of
technology installed - Maximal funding Euro
1500/dwelling, Euro 150,000 / project - Other
conditions Alarm acceptance Alarm
pursuit Examples in the region of
Eindhoven HhvL/Woonbedrijf in Eindhoven Domein
in Best Woonstichting Etten-Leur Evaluation in
2003
22
4. In practice (2)

• 2003 Evaluation
• Aim of housing corporation experimenting with
  technology
• Not target-group specific
• Habituation problems among elderly
• Personal alarm most successful
• No need for burglary alarm with Police
  Security-Label
• Need for flexibility, no standard solutions
  (demand driven)

23
4. In practice (3)

• 2003 Evaluation
• Domotics a problem solution (security,
  comfort), not an independent aim
• Think from the viewpoint of the end-user and
  his/her needs
• Not all suitable technology is applicable to
  (existing) dwellings
• Cost are high for social housing about 7500 Euro
  (5 extra)
• Need for flexible packages, no standard solutions
  
• Demand driven customer decides on the level of
  the package

24
4. In practice (4)

• Tenants needs demand-driven facilities / services
• Top 5 in a pilot
• Active personal alarm
• Appliances automatically switched on/off
• Opening of the front door by Alarm-Central
• Viewing visitors before entering
• Burglary alarm

25
5. Closure

• Demand driven modular
• Specific to target group
• Importance of actual content
• Counseling and timing
• Embedding in territorial policy
• (woonservicezones)