Components of Metazoan Bodies

1
Components of Metazoan Bodies

• Metazoan bodies derived from 3 germ layers
• cellular noncellular components
• noncellular components intracellular and
  extracellular body fluids, extracellular
  structural elements
• extracellular body fluids blood plasma and
  interstitial fluid in sp. w/ closed vascular
  systems
• no difference in sp. w/ open vascular systems
• extracellular structural elements connective
  tissue, cartilage, bone, cuticle
• func. mechanical stability, protection

2
Components of Metazoan Bodies

• cellular components epithlial, connective,
  muscular, nervous tissues
• tissue group of similar cells w/ specialized
  common func.
• 4 types differentiate during embryonic
  development
• epithelium sheet of cells covering free surface
  or lining cavity or tubes
• protective func.
• modified to become glands
• simple epithelia single cell layer, all
  metazoans
• stratified epithelia many layers, vertebrates
• not penetrated by blood vessels

3
Components of Metazoan Bodies

• connective tissue diverse tissue types,
  binding/supportive func.
• connective tissue proper loose connective
  tissue (fibers cells in viscous matrix), dense
  connective tissue (densely packed fibers)
  (tendons, ligaments)
• fibrous tissue composed of collagen (protein w/ ?
  strength)
• blood, lymph, vascular tissue, adipose,
  cartilage, bone
• muscular tissue specialized for contraction,
  mesodermal origin
• striated muscle skeletal, cardiac
• smooth muscle
• nervous tissue receives stimuli, conduct
  impulses
• 2 cell types neurons (nerve cell), neuroglia
  (nonnervous cells that insulate and support nerve
  cells)

4
Blood
Connective tissue
Nervous tissue
Bone
Nervous
Connective
Smooth
Ovaries/testes
Cardiac
Epidermis
Skeletal
Epithelial tissue
Intestinal lining
Muscle tissue
5
Complexity and Body Size

• Organ/organ system level organization
  permits/promotes large size
• consequences of large size
• alters SAvolume ratio
• SA increases as length2,
  volume
  increases as length3
• Glogers Rule
• problem w/ R and nutrition thus
  invaginate/flatten/internal
  transport
  systems
• predation, environmental fluctuations,
  ? S
  efficiency