Foundation Plans

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Foundation Plans
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Objectives

• Identify the primary features of a foundation
  plan
• Discuss differences between a foundation plan and
  an basement plan.
• Design and draw a foundation plan for a typical
  residential structure.

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The Foundation Plan

• Plan view drawing, in section, showing location
  and size of
• Footings
• Piers (if applicable)
• Columns/posts
• Foundation walls
• Supporting beams

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Footings
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Foundation Plans also feature

• Partial walls
• Doors
• Bath fixtures (if full basement)
• Openings in the foundation walls
• Windows, doors, vents, access areas
• Direction, size and spacing of floor joists or
  trusses
• Drains and sumps
• Complete dimensions and notes
• Scale of drawing

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Preliminary Steps to Drawing a Foundation Plan

• Based on information presented on the floor plan,
  plot plan, and elevations
• Important that dimensions are accurate
• Preliminary floor plan may be used as an underlay
  (guide) for drawing the foundation plan
• Determine exterior wall type (masonry, brick
  veneer, regular siding)
• For example, brick veneer requires a 4 ledge
  added to foundation wall

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Preliminary Steps, continued.

• Plot plan and elevation of lot should be examined
  to anticipate need for stepped footings,
  retaining walls, and problems related to the
  grade
• Determine size of footings and foundation walls
  required based on available information
• Check frost penetration depth
• Check building codes
• Soil bearing tests if needed

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Drawing a Foundation Plan

• Select the scale
• Make sure scale is same as other sheets in set
• Locate the outline of the foundation walls on
  workspace
• Use floor plan as underlay or draw the foundation
  plan from dimensions obtained from the floor plan
• Draw the foundation walls, piers and columns, and
  any foundation for chimney/fireplace

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Drawing a Foundation Plan, continued.

• 4. Indicate breaks in the foundation wall for
  windows, doors, access holes, and vents
• Lay out and draw the footings for the foundation
  walls
• Use hidden lines
• 6. Draw the footings to be used for any piers
  and columns

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• Draw footings for fireplace and chimney
• Locate supporting beam, and draw using thick
  center line
• Show the size, spacing, and direction of floor
  joists or trusses using standard symbols/methods
• Identify the location of any sections needed to
  provide additional information

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Drawing a Foundation Plan, continued

• Determine the location and add dimensions needed
  to show all aspects of the foundation.
• Length and thickness of all foundation wall
  segments must be shown
• Thickness of footings
• Floor joists or truss direction and note
• Main beam dimension note
• Width of doors, windows, vents, openings
• Add any other necessary notes

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Drawing a Foundation Plan, continued

• Shade or hatch foundation wall drawings as
  necessary
• Add TITLE BLOCK with SCALE, YOUR NAME, NAME of
  drawing, etc.
• Check drawing to be sure you have included all
  necessary information.

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Properly Dimensioned and Labeled Foundation Plan
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Basement/Foundation Plans

• Necessary when full basement is included as part
  of home.
• Often done in colder areas where frost
  penetration is deeper.
• Footings MUST be below frost depth.
• Combination of a basement floor plan and
  foundation plan.
• Shows foundation information and
  finished-basement information.

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Procedure for Drawing a Basement Plan

• Same as for regular foundation plan, with a few
  additional features
• Designing and adding room layouts
• Location of exterior AND interior doors and
  windows
• Stairs leading to basement
• Permanent fixtures such as water closet, tub,
  lavatory, sinks, etc.
• Locate and add furnace, hot water heater, water
  pressure tank, water softener (if necessary),
  sump, drains, etc.
• Can also add electrical outlets, lighting, etc.
  at this point

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Typical Foundation Types