The Flowering of New England

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The Flowering of New England

• Introduction, pp. 200-211

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1. What three aspects were involved in the
spectacular growth of American life in the
three decades preceding the Civil War?

• Geographical Expansion
• Population Growth
• New Technology

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2. List three results of the new technology of
the period.

• Opened the West to farming
• Helped master great distances
• Helped bind the nation together

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3. What two things hindered the cherished
American belief in individualism and
self-development

• Poverty
• Lack of education

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4. What was one undesirable effect of the new
technology?

• Skilled workers were replaced by machines that
  could be tended by the unskilled

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5. What encouraged optimism during this period?

• Spectacular advances in science and technology

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6. What three things helped bind the nation
together?

• Railroads
• Canals
• Telegraph

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7. Name three situations which showed the ugly
side of American manufacturing and industry.

• Very low wages
• Wretched working conditions
• Widespread use of child labor

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8. What form did reform efforts take which
established society on an entirely new basis?

• Utopian Communities

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9. What was the expectation of each of the
almost sixty Utopian communities that were
founded between 1820 and 1850?

• That it would become a model of social perfection
  for the country

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10. What was one direct result of the focus of
reform on education?

• Every state soon had tax-supported public schools

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11. Give three related results of the rapid
spread of education.

• The more rapid growth of newspapers and magazines
• The establishment of libraries and museums
• The establishment of the Lyceum

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12. What particular role focused public
attention on women and their rights?

• Their leadership in reform movements

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13. List three writers of the period who
supported the abolition of slavery.

• James Russell Lowell
• John Greenleaf Whittier
• Henry David Thoreau

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14. What writer and his or her particular work
symbolized the creative energy which began the
American Renaissance?

• Ralph Waldo Emersons Nature

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15. What are three characteristics of
transcendentalism?

• Belief that knowledge transcends the senses
• Belief that knowledge goes beyond what we learn
  in books
• A Belief that intuition is the highest power of
  the soul

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16. What is a key wordand conceptof
transcendentalism?

• Intuition

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17. From where were many of the chief
transcendentalist ideas and views borrowed?

• English Romanticism

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18. How did the transcendentalists view evil?

• Something that did not exist

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19. Who are the two most important
transcendental writers?

• Ralph Waldo Emerson
• Henry David Thoreau

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20. Name the two writers who opposed
transcendentalism.

• Nathaniel Hawthorne
• Herman Melville

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21. Which American writer was disturbed by the
evils of mass-production technology and warned
that the weaver becomes the web, the machinist
the machine?

• Ralph Waldo Emerson

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22. Who were the Brahmins and why were they so
named?

• James Russell Lowell
• Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
• Oliver Wendell Holmes
• Brahmins Highest caste in Hindu society
• - They were high caste New Englanders

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23. Name two American prose writers who refused
to accept transcendentalist views.

• Hawthorne
• Melville

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24. By the end of the period, what had America
established in every state?

• Tax-supported public schools

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25. What institution helped to spread American
culture?

• Lyceum

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26. What right for women did the early womens
rights movement win?

• The right to go to college