Powering toward real environmental solutions Robert Nuttall VP Marketing

1
Powering toward real environmental
solutionsRobert Nuttall VP Marketing
2
Essential ingredients of environmental success

• Competitive pressure
• Self evident - although the environment is not a
  competitive issue
• Leading edge technology
• Aviation spends relatively more than any other
  industry on CO2 reduction
• Proven track record
• 70 improvement in 50 years (majority from
  engines)
• Global industrial scale solutions
• Aviation is an excellent model
• The Aerospace industry is the solution not the
  problem

3
Demonstrated Corporate Responsibility for the
Environment

• We issue an annual report into the public domain
  detailing our environmental programme, status and
  targets
• Investment in environmentally friendly technology
  
• Actively involved in emissions trading based on
  our exceptional performance
• Member of Dow Jones Sustainability Group Indices
  (since 2003)
• Committed to work with others to reduce the
  environmental impact of the whole industry
• Supports aviation industry environmental
  initiatives

3 billion over last 5 years
UKETS CCX
4
Global man-made CO2 emissions
Aviation 2
Other fuel consumption 10
Other transport 16
Land use change and forestry 24
Electricity and heating 32
Industry 16
Source World Resource Institute
5
Global man-made aviation emissions
6
Rolls-Royce progress to future goals
NOx reduction
Noise reduction
Fuel burn (CO2) reduction
Trent 895
0
Trent 895
0
Trent 895
0
-2
Trent 500
Trent 500
Trent 500
-5
-20
Trent 900
Trent 900
-4
Trent 1000 and Trent XWB (estimate)
Trent 900
Trent 1000 and Trent XWB
-10
-40
NOx reduction (normalised to CAEP6 standards
for engine power)
Axis to be confirmed
fuel saving (sfc fuel consumption normalised
for engine power)
Trent 1000
-6
Trent XWB
turbo machinery intake and exhaust improvement
Lean burn technology
-15
-60
-8
EFE technology
ACARE 2020 target
ACARE 2020 target
ACARE 2020 target
-10
-20
-80
2000
2005
2010
2015
2020
2000
2005
2020
2010
2015
2000
2005
2010
2015
2020
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Technology is in our DNA

• Rolls-Royce signed-up to the ACARE targets in
  2000
• 50 reduction in CO2
• 80 reduction in NOx
• Halving perceived noise
• Technology streams deliver these improvements as
  part of a 20-year Vision technology programme
  from component to architecture level
• These Low Carbon technologies are contributing to
  significant CO2 reduction in other sectors

Quiet Technology Demonstrator
Pulsejet Combustor
Intercooling
Open Rotor
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Aero engine efficiency map
0.700
0.700
0.70
0.70
0.725
0.725
0.750
0.750
Propulsive
Propulsive
Efficiency
Efficiency
0.775
0.775
0.65
0.65
Current HBR Engines
Current HBR Engines
(Specific Thrust)
(Specific Thrust)
lbf
0.800
lbf
0.800
0.825
0.825
0.60
0.60
0.850
0.850
Approaching
Approaching
0.875
0.875
Practical Limit
Practical Limit
0.900
0.900
0.55
0.55
for Low NOx
for Low NOx
0.925
0.925
Combustion
Combustion
0.950
0.950
0.975
0.975
0.50
1.000
0.50
1.000
Specific Fuel Consumption lb/hr /
Specific Fuel Consumption lb/hr /
0.4
0.4
Approaching
Approaching
0.425
0.425
0.45
0.45
Theoretical Limit, i.e.,
Theoretical Limit of
Open Rotor Propulsive
Propulsive Efficiency
0.450
0.450
0.40
0.40
0.475
Approaching
0.475
Approaching
Theoretical Limit, i.e.,
Theoretical Limit, i.e.,
0.500
0.500
Stoichiometric
TET,
Stoichiometric
TET,
0.525
0.525
0.35
Ultimate Component
0.35
Ultimate Component
0.550
0.550
Efficiencies, 80 OPR.
Efficiencies, 80 OPR.
0.575
0.575
Thermal (x Transfer)
Thermal (x Transfer)
0.600
0.600
Efficiency (OPR and
Efficiency (OPR and
0.30
0.30
0.625
0.625
h
h
TET,
)
TET,
)
0.650
0.650
comp
comp
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The solution is at the enterprise level100-200
seat aircraft
500
Today's fleet
450
400
Current technology
350
20 improvement in 2015
300
Further 10 improvement
250
Upguaging aircraft size
Ongoing improvements
200
ATM
Airline operations
Alternate fuel
150
100
Datum
50
0
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014
2016
2018
2020
2022
2024
2026
2028
2030
2032
2034
2036
2038
2040
Not presented
10
The solution lies at the enterprise level
At a 25 year horizon, substantive progress
towards carbon neutrality requires contribution
across the entire enterprise
Relative extent to which CO2 growth can be offset
10
20
Todays technology aircraft replace all older
models
DO NOTHING
New technology - new aircraft and existing
product upgrades
BUSINESS AS USUAL
Larger aircraft and airline operational
improvements
Improved Air Traffic Management
SHORT TERM POTENTIAL
Contribution from lower carbon alternative fuels
LONG TERM POTENTIAL
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Fuels offer long term potential
Suitability
Industrialization
Sustainability

• energy density
• fuel characteristics

• mass production
• distribution

• environmental
• social

• Rolls-Royce is committed to support the
  development of sustainable and viable alternative
  fuels through a global and inclusive process
• CTL fuel approval with SASOL - complete
• A380 GTL demonstration flight - complete
• 747 ANZ biofuel demonstration flight - 2008

Not presented
12
Main fuel types
Pure fuel Excellent energy density Drop-in
fuel Unproven from biomass
Synthetic kerosene
Business as usual
Kerosene
Freeze point Poor properties Capable of
mixing Unproven
Algae-based kerosene
Freeze point Poor properties Capable of
mixing Sourcing concerns
Hydrogenated oil
Freeze point Poor properties Lower energy density
Sourcing concerns
FAME
Freeze point Low energy density
Alcohol and Methanol
Safety Infrastructure V.low energy
density Airframe Sourcing
Liquefied gas
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Do alternative fuels go the distance?
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The solution is in our hands

• The Aviation Industrys credentials make it a
  compelling solution-provider
• Competition, technology, track record,
  industrial scale solutions
• However, we risk undermining this position unless
  we represent ourselves in a disciplined way
• The environment is not a competitive issue
• As an industry we must only deal in facts
• We must consider the entire enterprise
• Aviation must not succumb to greenwash

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Power for future generations
Underpinning Research
Potential Applications

• Alternative fuels
• Advanced Cycles
• Engine Airframe Optimisation
• Fuel cells
• Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS)
• High Temperature Electronics
• SMART materials
• Nanotechnology
• Magnetics
• Pulse Pressure Gain Combustion