Political Order and Political Change in

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Session 13 Political Order and Political Change
in CHINA
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Chinese History
Ancient tradition of despotic empire
Heavenly Mandate
The Central Kingdom
Deliberate Closure from the West (we have nothing
to learn from barbarians)
Shocking awakening, the Opium War (1839-42) we
have something to learn
Unequal Treaties (late 1890s) Treaty Ports
End of Manchu Dynasty (1644-1911) Announcement
of Republic (1912)
Anarchic Period of Provincial Warlords
1924-27 Alliance of Chinese Nationalist Party
and Chinese Communist Party to defeat warlords
1927 Massacre of the Nationalists against the
Communists
1934 Long March of the Communists after
Nationalist Offense
Confucianism education, meritocracy,
self-development and harmony through good
conduct, honest ruler (mandarins)
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Communist China
Communists outperform Nationalists in the Fight
against Japanese Occupation
October, 1st, 1949 Mao Zedong announces Peoples
Republic of China
Periods 1949-57 Lean to One Side 1958-76
Excessive Experiments (Great Leap Forward
Cultural Revolution 1966) 1976-79 Succession
Struggle 1979- Reform Period
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China under Reform
Two Major Problems Corruption Birth Control
Political Rule By Law Transparency and
Accountability Limiting the State, Extending
Individual Liberties Limited Associational
Pluralism Local Autonomy Local Level Electoral
Competition Preserving the CCPs Vanguard
Role Economic Economic Growth and Mass
Prosperity as Prime Goals Private
Entrepreneurship (private enterprises run for
profit) Transitory Two-track Pricing
System Transitory State Subsidies for large State
Corporations Moderate Privatization of State
Corporations Opening for Foreign Direct Investment
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Is China Ripe for Democracy?
Tiananmen Square, June 4th, 1989
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Source World Values Surveys 1990-2000
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Source World Values Surveys 1990-2000
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Source World Values Surveys 1990-2000
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Source World Values Surveys 1990-2000
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Source World Values Surveys 1990-2000