Political Geography

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Political Geography

• C.J. Cox

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Chapter Overview

• Political Geography
• Perception of Place
• Organization of States
• Supranational Organizations
• Power Inventory
• Super Powers in a Multi-polar World

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Key Term

• Political Geography Location and organization of
  the earths surface into a collection of
  political units.
• Units may be international, national or local
• Spatial Analysis or examination of the
  distribution of these units
• patterns, concentrations, densities, boundaries,
  relative location, size, and shape.

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Perception of Place

• Mental Maps
• U.S. Perception
• a people are who they think they are
• Other Perception
• a people are who others think they are
• Changing Perceptions

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State

• An area organized into a political unit and ruled
  by an established government with control over
  its internal and foreign affairs.
• An organized political unit with
• 1. Territory with boundaries
• 2. Population
• 3. Government
• 4. Sovereignty

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Number of States

• 1947 50 States
• 1994 180 States
• 1998 190 States

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Key Terms

• State an organized independent political unit
• Nation a group of people with a commonality
• common ancestry or historical events
• common race
• common religion
• Nation State A state whose territory
  corresponds to that occupied by a particular
  nation (90 or greater)

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Separation Areas

• Frontier A zone of separation between two
  states in which neither state exercises
  political control.
• Buffer Zone or State a country or area created
  for the purpose of separating two countries
• usually an open space or an area of little power

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Organization of States

• Unitary - one central government
• (France)
• Federal - a strong central government but local
  authority with autonomy is given to regional
  governments. (U.S.)

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U.S. Government

• Federal
• strong central government
• some power given to regional and state
  governments

• Republic
• elected representatives
• written constitution
• not a monarch

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Supranational Organizations

• Alliances, trade associations, and organizations
  designed to represent the interests of multiple
  states.
• Economic organizations - OPEC, EC, COMECON,
  NAFTA
• Political organizations - UN, OAS,
• Military organizations - NATO, ANZUS, Warsaw
  Pact

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Boundaries

• Limits of territorial control
• demarcation - physical marking of a boundary
• fence, wall, hedge
• delimitation - a line on a map

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Boundary Types

• Physical Boundaries
• mountains
• oceans
• rivers
• lakes

• Cultural Boundaries
• walls/fences
• geometry (lat long)
• neutral zones

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Power Inventory

• Size of State
• Shape of State
• compact
• elongated
• fragmented
• perforated
• prorupted

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Power Inventory (continued)

• Boundaries
• Relative Location of State
• Resources
• Demographic Characteristics
• Technology Industry
• Infrastructure

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The Power Game

• Economic Power
• ----gt Political Power
• ----------gt Military Power
• Superpowers in a Multi-polar World
• Old Model - US vs. USSR
• New Model -
• EC, China, Russia, US, Japan

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Chapter Overview

• Political Geography
• Perception of Place
• Organization of States
• Supranational Organizations
• Power Inventory
• Super Powers in a Multi-polar World

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Political Geography

• C.J. Cox

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