Integrated Science

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Integrated Science

• Grade 8
• Mrs. Webb

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Branches of Sciences

• Social Science

Natural Science
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The Natural Sciences

• Life Science
• Earth Science
• Geology, Astronomy
• Physical Science
• Physics, Chemistry

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The Nature of Science

• Chapter 1

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• Science is the pursuit of observing facts in
  order to understand the world we live in

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Go Bananas!

• Observing facts
• Use your senses
• Inference
• Use what you already know

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• Pure Science is the search for scientific
  knowledge
• Technology is the application of that knowledge
  

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• Science is a process not a set of facts.
• Information about the world around us is always
  changing.

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• Always starts with a question.
• Searching for an answer is doing Science

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A problem solving attitude

• think critically about a question
• test possible answers
• collect data
• unbiased observations

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Toxic Waste Activity
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The Scientific Method

• a systematic approach to problem solving
• a way of thinking using logic and reason
• NOT a rigid set of steps

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Scientific Theory

• explanation that has been tested by repeated
  observations
• always being questioned and examined
• a possible explanation

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Scientific Law

• a summary of natural events
• states a repeated observation about nature
• quantitative/qualitative

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Scientific Model

• a representation of an object or event
• can be studied to understand the real object or
  event

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Facts and Fiction

• Historical Facts
• a true statement about the existence of something
  or about a past event

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• based on physical evidence
• fossil, skeleton, ruins
• based on recorded evidence
• writings, drawings

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Facts and Fiction

• Scientific Facts
• based on observation
• using the 5 senses
• must be measurable and repeatable

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Facts and Fiction

• Tools scientists use to make observations
• microscope
• telescope
• spectrophotometer

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Facts and Fiction

• Universal Statements
• either includes everything or excludes everything
• cant be proven by observation

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Facts and Fiction

• Value judgments
• placing value on things
• observation can not determine value

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Facts and Fiction

• Biblical Truth
• the Bible claims to be the Word of God (II Tim
  316)
• eternal spiritual importance

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• Evidence
• fulfilled prophecy
• accurate records of history
• accurate descriptions of world
• inner testimony of believer

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Mathematics

• Language of Science
• International System of Units
• SI Units are used for consistency
• Table 1-1 page 16

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SI Units

• based on the metric system
• Prefixes for very large or very small
  measurements
• Table 1-2 1-3 page 16

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Kilo 1000
Hecto 100
Deka 10
Basic Unit
Deci .1
Centi .01
Mili .001
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SI Units

• Practice on page 17
• Making Measurements page 18
• copy Vocab into Notes

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Scientific Notation

• method for recording very large or very small
  numbers
• reduces the number of zeros (powers of 10)

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Significant Figures

• the digits in a measurement that are known with
  certainty
• shows the accuracy of the tool being used

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Rules for Sig Figs

• All nonzero numbers
• Any zero between nonzero numbers
• If no decimal, zero to the right not significant

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Rules for Sig Figs

• Any zero to the right of a nonzero left of a
  decimal
• Place holders are not significant
• Zero to the right of a decimal

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Significant Numbers

• Accuracy extent to which the measurement
  approaches the true value
• Precision degree of exactness of a measurement

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Organizing Data

• made easier to read with charts or graphs
• choose method that will be easiest to read
• line or bar graph
• pie chart

Page 21
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Skill Builder Lab

• Making Measurements
• Page 30-33