DR' RTED T' ESGUERRA

1

• DR. RTED T. ESGUERRA
• Expedition Wilderness EMS Physician, Mt.
  Everest Team
• OIC, Specialized Medical Assistance Response Team
  (Coast Guard Elite Rescue Team)
• Flight Surgeon, PCG

2
OBJECTIVES

• DISASTER-PRONE COUNTRY
• TYPES OF DISASTER
• CAPABILITIES OF THE GOVT NGOS IN DISASTER MGT
• REVIEW OF SOME EVENTS
• MACROSCOPIC PREPAREDNESS
• MICROSCOPIC PREPAREDNESS

3
DISASTER PRONE COUNTRY

• In 2000, a Brussels-based research center
  declared Philippines as the most disaster-prone
  country on earth. It cited typhoons,
  earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, floods, garbage
  landslides, transport accidents and military
  actions against rebels.
• Being in the circum-Pacific belt of fire and
  along the typhoon corridor
• Earthquake 4 5 earthquakes/day of varying
  intensities (Phivolcs) 12 destructive
  earthquakes from 1968-2003
• Both tectonic and volcanic

4
(No Transcript)
5
DISASTER PRONE COUNTRY

• Typhoons in the Philippines are Tropical Cyclones
  (bagyo).
• 8 10 tropical cyclones/year enter into the
  Philippine area of responsibility
• Tropical depression max sustained wind of 55
  kph (30 kn) to 64 kph (35 kn) near its center
• Tropical storms 65 kph (35 kn) to 119 kph (64
  kn)
• Typhoons 120 kph (65 kn) to 185 kph (100 kn)
• Super typhoons max winds exceeding 185 kph
  (100 kn)

6
(No Transcript)
7
CAPABILITIES OF SOME RESCUE UNITS

• COAST GUARD
• Specialized Medical Assistance Response Team
  (SMART) advanced cardiac life support, advanced
  trauma life support, advanced wilderness life
  support, advanced disaster life support, advanced
  medical life support, advanced rope rescue, high
  angle rescue, flight medicine/high altitude
  medicine, aquatic and dive medicine, swift water
  operations, confined space entry and rescue,
  light to moderate grade extrication, incident
  command system, field DECON
• Special Operations Group Water Search Rescue,
  SCUBA, rope rescue, extrication (open rescue)
• Oil Spill Response Team HAZMAT, up to level A

8
CAPABILITIES OF SOME RESCUE UNITS

• SPECIAL RESCUE UNIT (BFP)
• High angle rescue, fire fighting, vehicular
  extrication, CBRN, confined space entry and
  rescue, collapsed structure rescue operations
• MAKATI RESCUE
• High angle rescue, fire fighting, vehicular
  extrication, EMS, confined space entry and
  rescue, collapsed structure rescue operations,
  light grade WASAR
• UGONG RESCUE
• High angle rescue, fire fighting, vehicular
  extrication, EMS, confined space entry and
  rescue, collapsed structure rescue operations,
  SCUBA, water SAR

9
(No Transcript)
10
(No Transcript)
11
(No Transcript)
12
ISSUES OF THE CENTURY

• Large scale disaster usually inflicts damage to
  the rescue units
• Archipelagic set-up
• No unified command system
• Duplication of responsibilities
• No wilderness/austere/survival medicine training
• Governance system
• Haphazard psyche of the populace

DELAY OF HELP WITHIN THE 1ST 24 HOURS OR DURING
THE GOLDEN PERIOD OF TRAUMA
13
(No Transcript)
14
(No Transcript)
15
(No Transcript)
16
MACROSCOPIC PREPARATIONS

• TYPHOON
• Consult PAGASA, PCG, NDCC, OCD for updates on
  LPAs or impending typhoons
• Seek higher grounds if flooding will occur and
  seek shelter to avoid medical complications due
  to cold weather or being soaked in water/rain
• Draw up a Family Plan on what to do if the flood
  and/or power interruptions due to typhoons occur
  while some or all of you are away from home how
  to get in touch with each other and reunite, and
  what to do if you can't get in touch or return to
  your home. Practice emergency drills.
• Collect and store emergency supplies for home,
  car and workplace

17
MACROSCOPIC PREPARATIONS

• FLOOD
• Consult LGU which knows river distributions,
  history of flood, condition of mountain to hold
  water, presence of technological structures like
  dams or even faults for those near coastlines in
  relation to where your community is located.
  Seek advice
• Relocate if along vulnerable waterways and
  coastal areas
• Move out of the vulnerable areas which are
  always submerged even with slight to moderate
  rainfall.
• Draw up a Family Plan on what to do if the flood
  occurs while some or all of you are away from
  home how to get in touch with each other and
  reunite, and what to do if you can't get in touch
  or return to your home. Practice emergency
  drills.
• Collect and store emergency supplies for home,
  car and workplace

18
MACROSCOPIC PREPARATIONS

• EARTHQUAKES
• Consult PHIVOLCS or any geologist on presence of
  fault in the area where your community is
  located. Seek advice and clearance. Relocate
  if possible
• Carry out a structural analysis of your home or
  apartment, consulting experts if necessary, and
  make necessary repairs or alterations. Survey
  the building's exterior and grounds for hazards
• Draw up a Family Plan on what to do if the quake
  occurs while some or all of you are away from
  home how to get in touch with each other and
  reunite, and what to do if you can't get in touch
  or return to your home. Practice emergency
  drills.
• Collect and store emergency supplies for home,
  car and workplace

19
Are we prepared???
20
MICROSCOPIC PREPARATIONS (3 TO 6-DAY KIT)

• Update your kit every six months (put a note in
  your calendar /planner) to make sure that all
  food, water, and medication are fresh (not
  expired), clothing fits, personal documents and
  credit cards are up to date, and batteries are
  charged.
• Small toys/games are important too as they will
  provide some comfort and entertainment during a
  stressful time.
• Older children can be responsible for their own
  pack of items/clothes too.
• You can include any other items you feel are
  necessary for your family's survival.
• Some items and/or flavors might leak, melt,
  flavor other items, or break open. Dividing
  groups of items into individual Ziploc bags might
  help prevent this.

21
MICROSCOPIC PREPARATIONS (72 HR KIT)

• Food and Water (3 day supply of food water per
  person when no refrigeration/cooking is
  available)
• Protein/Granola Bars
• Trail Mix/Dried Fruit
• Crackers/Cereals (for munching)
• Canned Tuna, Beans, Meat, Vienna
• Sausages, etc (pop-top cans might leak/explode
  Jerky can flavor other items)
• juice, coffee, milo sachets
• Monggo SEEDS
• Candy/Gum (Jolly ranchers can melt mint gum
  might flavor other items)
• Water (1 Gallon/4 Liters per person)

22
MICROSCOPIC PREPARATIONS (6-DAY KIT)

• Bedding and Clothing
• Change of Clothing (short and long sleeve
  shirts, pants, socks, jackets, etc.)
• Undergarments
• Rain Coat /Poncho
• Blankets and Emergency Heat Blankets
• Cloth Sheet
• Plastic Sheet
• Fuel Light
• Battery Lighting (Flashlights, Lamps)

• Extra Batteries
• Flares
• Candles
• Lighter
• Water-Proof Matches
• alcohol
• Miscellaneous
• big pail/ plastic box w/ wheels, bag or bags to
  put 72 hour kit items in (such as duffel bags or
  hiking back packs)
• Infant Needs (if
  applicable)

23
MICROSCOPIC PREPARATIONS (6-DAY KIT)

• Equipment
• Can Opener
• Dishes/Utensils
• Shovel
• Radio (with batteries!)
• Pen and Paper
• Axe
• Pocket Knife
• Rope
• Duct Tape
• Personal Supplies Medication
• First Aid Supplies

• Toiletries (roll of toilet paperremove center
  tube to easily flatten into a zip-lock
• bag, feminine hygiene, folding brush, etc)
• Cleaning Supplies (mini hand sanitizer, soap,
  shampoo, dish soap, etc. Warning Scented soap
  might flavor food items.)
• Mosquito net
• Survival stove/burner

24
MICROSCOPIC PREPARATIONS (6 DAYS KIT)

• Immunizations Up-to Date
• Medication ( Paracetamol, Ibuprofen, cough/colds
  meds,
• childrens medication, etc.)
• Prescription Medication (for 6 days)
• Personal Documents and Money
• (Place these items in a water-proof container!)
• Scriptures/books (miniature ones are lighter)
• Genealogy Records
• Land titles

• Legal Documents (Birth/Marriage Certificates,
  Wills, Passports, Contracts)
• Vaccination Papers
• Insurance Policies
• Cash
• Credit Card
• Pre-Paid Phone Cards

25
EXAMPLE 72 Hour Kit
26
(No Transcript)
27
DISTRIBUTION OF YOUR 6-DAY KIT

• HOME
• it must be placed near entrance/exit of house
  but does not impede daily routine inside the
  house nor destroy the aesthetic feature of your
  home
• Must be in a sturdy container placed near the
  wall or corner
• OFFICE
• As above
• Must be configured w/ the number of office staff

• CAR
• mini-survival kit in pouches or in organizers
• Be sure car must always be in full or nearly full
  fuel preparation
• Must always be in running condition

28

• GATHER FAMILY AND KITS
• MOVE TO HIGHER GROUNDS
• MOVE IN GROUPS
• FOLLOW FAMILIAR ROADS AS EGRESS
• SWEEPING MOVEMENT OF FOOT IF SUBMERGED
• WEAR FLOTATIONS IF WALLOWING
• NEVER HOLD TO ROPE IF SWEPT UNDERNEATH BY DEBRIS
  WHILE IN SWIFT WATER
• IF CAUGHT IN SWIFT WATER, LOOK FOR EDDYS
• APPEAR SMALL TO WATER CURRENTS

29
(No Transcript)
30

• SURVIVE THE FIRST BLOW
• GATHER FAMILY AND KITS
• MOVE TO OPEN AND SAFER GROUNDS
• IF INSIDE BUILDING, USE STAIRS ONCE TREMORS HAVE
  STOPPED
• MOVE IN GROUPS
• FOLLOW FAMILIAR ROADS AS EGRESS
• AVOID STRUCTURES THAT MIGHT COLLAPSE
• USE MOUTH AND NOSE COVER
• IF POSSIBLE, USE GOGGLES
• EVAC TO DESIGNATED AREAS AS PLANNED AHEAD

31

• SURVIVE THE FIRST BLOW
• GATHER FAMILY AND KITS
• MOVE TO HIGHER AND SAFER GROUNDS
• MOVE IN GROUPS
• FOLLOW FAMILIAR ROADS AS EGRESS
• AVOID MUDDY / SOFT AREAS
• AVOID UNSTABLE DEBRIS WHEN ESTABLISHING FOOTHOLDS
• AVOID FALLING/UNSTABLE OVERHEAD STRUCTURES
• DRY YOURSELVES IMMEDIATELY
• EVAC TO DESIGNATED AREAS AS PLANNED AHEAD

32
(No Transcript)
33
FOR THOSE WHO ARE LIVING NEAR THE FAULT LINES

• EVAC PROCEDURES RIGHT AWAY EVEN IF THE FIRST BLOW
  IS NOT DEADLY
• EVAC IN AN ORDERLY MANNER TO DESIGNATED EGRESS
  AND COLLECTION POINTS OR TO ANY SAFER AREAS
  PLANNED AHEAD BY YOUR FAMILY
• AVOID ROUTES OF FIRE FIGHTING UNITS IF POSSIBLE
• AVOID AREAS WHERE POSSIBLE DEPRESSIONS ARE
  NOTED

34
(No Transcript)
35
(No Transcript)
36
(No Transcript)