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Resource Management, Financial Commitment and Monitoring

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Budgetary Cuts reduced opportunities for women ... at ensuring gender-just and gender-sensitive budget ... budget to establish its gender-differential impact ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Resource Management, Financial Commitment and Monitoring


1
Resource Management, Financial Commitment and
Monitoring
  • Organised by
  • National Commission for Women For Orientation
    cum Planning Meeting relating to National Policy
    for Empowerment of women
  • On 22-8-2003
  • By Vibhuti Patel
  • Centre for Womens Studies
  • Department of Economics,
  • University of Mumbai

2
Empowerment of Women
Women Empowerment Policy can be effective only
when its principles and programmes get translated
into a plan of action. For implementation of
the plan, there has to be an efficient resource
management by elected representatives and
motivated civil servants, sincere financial
commitments for womens schemes programmes and
consistent monitoring by womens bodies within
the state apparatus and civil society.
3
Gender Impact of Budget
  • Budgetary Allocations for Womens Programmes
    Empowerment
  • Budgetary Cuts reduced opportunities for
    women
  • SAP Globalisation womens unpaid work
    burden, thereby women provided subsidy in the
    economy.
  • Devaluation, price-rise, erosion of PDS

4
Womens Component in Five Year Plans
  • I FYP (1951-56) Formation of CSWB 1953
  • II FYP-Development of Mahila Mandals
  • III IV FYPs interim plans(1961-74)-Womens
    Education and Mother Child Health
  • V FYP (1974-78)-Welfare Development
  • VI FYP(1980-85)-WD as separate economic
    agenda-Health, Education, Employment
  • VII FYP(1986-1991)-WID-integration into
    mainstream
  • VIII FYP(1992-97)- Development
    Empowerment
  • outlay, Rs. 4 cr. In I FYP to Rs. 2000 cr.
    In VIII FYP
  • IX FYP (1997-2002)- W Empowerment Policy, 2001,
    30 of funds/benefits from development sector to
    Women

5
X FYP and Gender Budgeting(GB)
  • Appreciates efforts at ensuring gender-just and
    gender-sensitive budget
  • Will continue the process of dissecting the govt.
    budget to establish its gender-differential
    impact
  • Translate gender commitment to budgetary
    commitments-Outlay of Rs. 13780 crores
  • WCP GB to play complimentary role for effective
    convergence, proper utilisation and monitoring of
    fund from various developmental sectors .

6
Critique of IS Budget and Advocacy for OUGHT
to Budget
  • To engender budgets at the Panchayat, state and
    national levels, we need to analyse budgets
    scheme-wise, sector wise, category wise and year
    wise with their budget estimates, revised
    estimates and actual expenditure.
  • So far GB has been post facto effort to
    dissect/analyse thus offset any undesirable
    consequences of the previous budget.

7
Highlights of the Union Budget-2002-3 w.r. to
women and children
  • Increase in the plan allocation for DWCD by 33 .
    Total Amount- Rs. 2200 crores
  • 100 scholarships in Dept. of S T for women
    scientists and technologists
  • National Nutrition Mission- Food Grains at
    subsidized rate to girls expectant Nursing
    Mothers (BPL)-Rs. 1 crore
  • Compare it with Defense Expenditure-Rs. 65000
    crores

8
Demand 52 Dept. of W CD, 2002-3
  • Swadhar-shelter, food, clothing Care to women
    girls living in difficult circumstances/ no
    support- 13.50 Rs. crore
  • Swayamsiddha Scheme to build training
    capacity-Rs. 0.01 crore
  • Gender aware micro planning- Rs.0.01 crore
  • NN Mission for LBW babies, IMR, anaemia,
    iodine deficiency in adults- Rs. 1 crore
  • SHGs for micro enterprises- Rs.18.15 crore

9
Demand No. 86, Water Budget, 2002-3
  • Monitoring of water quality------Rs.0.50 cr
  • Safety of old dams-----------------Rs.0.10 cr
  • Rain water Harvesting-------------Rs.0.10 cr
  • Poor urban, rural,tribal womens major survival
    struggle revolves around safe drinking water.
  • Leaving supply of water to private players has
    enhanced hardship of common women.

10
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11
Gender Audit of Union Budget 2003-4
  • Increased allocation-Rs.2600 crores
  • 1.76 of total budgetary allocation for women
    specific schemes and programmes
  • BPL population- 25 to 30 crore, the budget
    promises to cover only 50 lakh families on
    Antyodaya Scheme, in the context of 52 m tons of
    food grains rotting in FCI go down.
  • 1 cut of interest on small savings has affected
    SHGs adversely.
  • Privatisation of education, health, insurance

12
Demand for Grants of DWCD, GoI, 2003-4
13
Budgetary Allocation for 2003-4
14
Demands of Womens Groups
  • Separate listing of women specific items in the
    budget
  • No diversion of womens component funds (30 of
    the total) in different ministries and
    departments
  • Transparency about allocation and utilisation of
    funding
  • Right to information
  • Inclusion of gender economists in pre-budget
    workshops that should be held around October so
    that their suggestions can be included.

15
4 categories of programmes/ schemes benefiting
women
  • Women specific schemes where 100 of the
    allocation is required to be spent on women.
  • Pro-women schemes where at least 30 of
    allocation and benefits flow to women.
  • Gender neutral schemes meant for the benefit of
    community as a whole where both men and women
    avail these benefits.
  • The residual state specific programmes having
    profound effect on womens position/ condition.

16
Utilisation of Funds-MPLAD SchemeMembers of
Parliament Local Area Development
  • Each M.P. gets Rs. 2 crore under MPLADS
  • In the areas dominated by the lower middle class
    and the poverty groups- demands for more schools,
    libraries, bridges, toilets, drains, tube wells,
    community centres and crematorium.
  • In the prosperous areas, the demands are for road
    repairs and schools.
  • Private sector of the economy demands banks,
    hospitals and shopping plaza.
  • M.P.s and M.L.A.s have to strike balance
    immediate needs and long-term considerations for
    the constituency.

17
Unutilised Funds
  • As much as Rs. 312.51 lakh out of a total of Rs.
    730 lakh allocated by the ministry of tribal
    Affairs to the Tribal Cooperative Marketing
    Federation of India Limited (TRIFED) which
    markets minor forest produce to set up 1876 grain
    banks, remained unutilised in 1999-2000 as per
    20th Report of the parliamentary Committee on
    welfare of the SCs and STs.
  • Estimated 320 million people in India are facing
    starvation, close to 65 million tonnes of food
    grains are rotting in government go-downs.

18
MPLADS in Maharashtra
  • In Maharashtra, only 66.5 of fund under MPLADS
    is utilised. While local bodies suffer from a
    chronic shortage of funds, as little as one-third
    of the funds released by the union government
    under MPLADS remained unutilised in the state.
    The report of the Comptroller and Auditor General
    (CAG) has pointed out that the union government
    released over Rs. 214 crore under MPLADS for the
    period 1997-2000, but its utilization was only
    around Rs. 73 crore.

19
Rescue Operation by Gender sensitive Bureaucrats
  • In some cases M.P. s did not make even a single
    recommendation leading to a blockade of huge
    funds. For e.g. District collectors of Beed, Pune
    and Satara invested Rs. 5.76 crore allotted to
    (Members of Parliament) M.P.s of their areas in
    small savings schemes to achieve their targets
    for 1999-2000.
  • ( Panchayat Update, New Delhi, Vo. IX, No. 1,
    January, 2002).

20
Initiative of the Union RD Ministry
  • To check corruption and bring in transparency in
    the implementation of rural development projects
    sponsored by the union government, the Union
    Rural Development ministry had asked all District
    Rural Development Agencies (DRDAs) to keep their
    funds only in the nationalised banks.
  • It has also been made compulsory for the
    district rural bodies to record complete details
    of expenditure incurred under different heads.
  • Peoples participation in monitoring the progress
    of implementation and the mechanism of social
    audit will also be introduced as part of the new
    strategy to cleanse the working of the DRDAs.

21
Sampoorna Grameen Yojana Funds
  • The Supreme Court warns against diversion of
    Sampoorna Grameen Rojgar funds meant for
    upliftment for poor to other purposes.
  • The SC has directed the union government not to
    release any fund under this head to a state until
    a utilisation certificate for previous allocation
    furnished by it.
  • This directive came in response to a petition,
    filed by PUCL, highlighting starvation deaths in
    some parts of Orissa.

22
NIRD Study on PRI Finances
  • A recent survey of panchayats working in 19
    states, conducted by the National Institute of
    Rural Development, Hyderabad suggested that
    panchayats remain toothless because functional
    and financial autonomy has not been granted to
    the PRIs. The study by the Institute of Social
    Sciences shows that the extent of fiscal
    decentralisation through the empowerment of PRIs
    has been very little.

23
Practical Strategic Gender Needs
  • Elected women in PRI, legislative bodies and
    parliament have played a positive role in
    addressing, or attempting to address, a range of
    practical gender needs (inadequacies in living
    conditions such as provision of fuel, water,
    healthcare and employment).
  • their impact on strategic gender
    needs(affirmative action by the state, pro-active
    role of the employers to enhance womens position
    in the economy and social movements) is not
    remarkable.

24
Need for Composite Programmes for women/ girls
  • There is a need for provisions in the composite
    programmes under education, health and rural
    development sectors to target them specifically
    at girls/women as the principal beneficiaries and
    disaggregated within the total allocation.
  • Need to place restrictions on their
    re-appropriation for other purposes.

25
Need for a Proactive Role of State Commissions
for Women on Budget
  • Budgets garner resources through the taxation
    policies and allocate resources to different
    sections of the economy.
  • The Budget is an important tool in the hands of
    state for affirmative action for improvement of
    gender relations through reduction of gender gap
    in the development process. It can help to reduce
    economic inequalities, between men and women as
    well as between the rich and the poor.
  • Bottom-up budget, Green Budget, Gender Budget

26
Macro Policies Task Force for NCW
  • local and global implications of pro-poor and
    pro-women budgeting, alternative macro scenarios
    emerging out of alternative budgets and
    inter-linkages between gender-sensitive budgeting
    and womens empowerment.
  • Serious examining of budgets calls for greater
    transparency at the level of international
    economics to local processes of empowerment.
  • There is a need to provide training and capacity
    building workshops for decision-makers in the
    government structures, gram sabhas,
    parliamentarians and audio-visual media.

27
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