Young Nation: John Adamss Administration

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Young Nation John Adamss Administration

• Issues he faced as president

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Young Nation John Adamss Administration

• Issues he faced as president
• England France at war
• Political Rivalries
• Federalists vs. Democratic-Republicans
• Northerners vs. Southerners
• Sectionalism
• North South had very different sectional
  interests.
• The entire North voted for the Federalist
  candidate, Adams, for president.
• The entire South voted for the Democratic-Republic
  an candidate, Jefferson, for president.

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Young Nation John Adamss Administration

• Issues he faced as president
• England France at war
• Political Rivalries
• Federalists vs. Democratic-Republicans
• Northerners vs. Southerners
• Sectionalism
• North South had very different sectional
  interests.
• The entire North voted for the Federalist
  candidate, Adams, for president.
• The entire South voted for the Democratic-Republic
  an candidate, Jefferson, for president.
• Dangerous, Radical Immigrants

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Young Nation John Adamss Administration

• How he Congress handled each issue
• England France at War
• Adams kept American neutrality (kind of)
• This angered England France.
• France England kept seizing American ships as a
  result.
• France was especially mad because they saw Jays
  Treaty as a violation of the U.S. alliance with
  France.
• France cut off diplomatic relations with the U.S.
  refused to see any U.S. ambassadors.

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Young Nation John Adamss Administration

• How he Congress handled each issue
• England France at War
• XYZ Affair
• Adams attempts to negotiate with France because
  France seized American ships.
• French Foreign Minister Talleyrand refused to
  talk to the Adams negotiating team unless the
  team paid France 250,000.
• Since the U.S. negotiators would not pay the
  money, they were only allowed to talk to three
  low ranking French government officials.
• They were so low in ranking in nature, the U.S.
  negotiators called them officials X, Y,
  Z.

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Young Nation John Adamss Administration

• How he Congress handled each issue
• England France at War
• XYZ Affair
• Adams attempts to negotiate with France because
  France seized American ships.
• French Foreign Minister Talleyrand refused to
  talk to the Adams negotiating team unless the
  team paid France 250,000.
• Since the U.S. negotiators would not pay the
  money, they were only allowed to talk to three
  low ranking French government officials.
• They were so low in ranking in nature, the U.S.
  negotiators called them officials X, Y,
  Z.

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Young Nation John Adamss Administration

• How he Congress handled each issue
• England France at War
• XYZ Affair
• Many Americans believed that the French snubbed
  them because of the XYZ affair.
• Americans created slogans like, Millions for
  defense, but not one cent for tribute.
• Adamss party, the Federalists, wanted to go to
  war because of this.
• Adams avoids all out war with France.

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Young Nation John Adamss Administration

• How he Congress handled each issue
• England France at War
• XYZ Affair
• Many Americans believed that the French snubbed
  them because of the XYZ affair.
• Americans created slogans like, Millions for
  defense, but not one cent for tribute.
• Adamss party, the Federalists, wanted to go to
  war because of this.
• Adams avoids all out war with France.

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Young Nation John Adamss Administration

• How he Congress handled each issue
• England France at War
• Adams avoids all out war with France.
• Adams Congress created a navy department.
• Adams used the navy to fight an undeclared war
  with France.
• This kept the U.S. from fighting an all out with
  a world superpower.
• Democratic-Republicans approved of avoiding all
  out war.
• Federalists were disappointed with Adams for not
  standing up more firmly to France.

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Young Nation John Adamss Administration

• How he Congress handled each issue
• England France at War
• Adams avoids all out war with France.
• Adams hurt his political career with the
  Federalist party.
• Many historians believe Adams was wise to not
  take on France in an all out war.

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Young Nation John Adamss Administration

• How he Congress handled each issue
• Dangerous, Radical Immigrants
• Some immigrants who came to the U.S. were
  considered British French radicals.
• These radical British immigrants were very
  opposed to the British monarchy.
• These radical French were also very opposed to
  the British monarchy.
• Most Irish immigrants were very anti-British.

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Young Nation John Adamss Administration

• How he Congress handled each issue
• Dangerous, Radical Immigrants
• Adams his fellow Federalists feared these
  British, French, Irish radical immigrants.
• The Federalists thought these immigrants
  threatened the U.S.
• Since the Federalists were more pro-British
  anti-French, these immigrants often attacked the
  Federalists politically.

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Young Nation John Adamss Administration

• How he Congress handled each issue
• Dangerous, Radical Immigrants
• Adams the Federalists feared these immigrants
  especially since they were often French
  sympathizers during a time of undeclared war
  with France.
• Adams the Federalists also did not like these
  immigrants because most of them were members of
  their rival political party, the
  Democratic-Republicans.

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Young Nation John Adamss Administration

• How he Congress handled each issue
• Dangerous, Radical Immigrants
• Alien Sedition Acts (1798)
• Adams signed into law these acts to protect the
  U.S. from these dangerous people.

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Young Nation John Adamss Administration

• How he Congress handled each issue
• Dangerous, Radical Immigrants
• The Alien Act (1798)
• It raised the citizenship residency requirement
  from 5 years to 14 years.
• Aliens who were considered a danger of the
  public peace or safety could be
• restrained (jailed)
• deported

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Young Nation John Adamss Administration

• How he Congress handled each issue
• Dangerous, Radical Immigrants
• The Sedition Act (1798)
• It was a high misdemeanor to engage in speech or
  assembly that might
• intimidate a government official.
• Encourage insurrection rebellion or riot.

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Young Nation John Adamss Administration

• How he Congress handled each issue
• Dangerous, Radical Immigrants
• The Sedition Act (1798)
• It was a high misdemeanor to engage in writing,
  printing, uttering or publishing
• any false, scandalous and malicious writing or
  writings against the government of the United
  States, or either house of the Congress of the
  United States, or the President

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Young Nation John Adamss Administration

• How he Congress handled each issue
• Dangerous, Radical Immigrants
• The Sedition Act (1798)
• It was a high misdemeanor to engage in writing,
  printing, uttering or publishing anything that
  was intended to
• defame attack the reputation of the said
  government, or either house of the said Congress,
  or the said President
• to bring them, or either of them, into contempt
  or disrepute dishonor or to excite against
  them, or either or any of them government
  officials.

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Young Nation John Adamss Administration

• How he Congress handled each issue
• Dangerous, Radical Immigrants
• The Sedition Act (1798)
• It was a high misdemeanor to engage in writing,
  printing, uttering or publishing anything that
  was intended to
• express hatred towards the good people of
  the United States, or to stir up sedition
  rebellion within the United States, or to
  excite any unlawful combinations therein, for
  opposing or resisting any law of the United
  States.

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Young Nation John Adamss Administration

• How he Congress handled each issue
• Dangerous, Radical Immigrants
• The Sedition Act (1798)
• Some punishment meant fines of up to 5000 and
  from 6 months to 5 years in jail.
• Other punishment meant fines up to 2000 and up
  to 2 years in prison.
• The Act was valid from July 14, 1798 until its
  expiration date of March 3, 1798.

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Young Nation John Adamss Administration

• How he Congress handled each issue
• Dangerous, Radical Immigrants
• The Alien Sedition Acts (1798)
• Under this act many Democratic-Republicans
  editors, publishers, politicians were fined
  jailed for things they wrote, published, or said.
• Thomas Jefferson James Madison believed these
  actions were unconstitutional.

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Young Nation John Adamss Administration

• Response to Adamss Alien Sedition Acts (1798)
• Virginia Kentucky Resolutions
• These resolutions denounced the Alien Sedition
  Acts (1798).
• James Madison wrote the Virginia Resolutions that
  stated that the AS Acts were unconstitutional,
  violating the First Amendment.

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Young Nation John Adamss Administration

• Response to Adamss Alien Sedition Acts (1798)
• Virginia Kentucky Resolutions
• These resolutions denounced the Alien Sedition
  Acts (1798).
• Thomas Jefferson wrote the Kentucky Resolutions
  that stated that the AS Acts were
  unconstitutional, violating the First Amendment.

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Young Nation John Adamss Administration

• How he Congress handled each issue
• Sectionalism
• Adams did little to bridge the gap between
  sectional arguments between the North South.

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Young Nation John Adamss Administration

• Response to Adamss Alien Sedition Acts (1798)
• Virginia Kentucky Resolutions
• The Kentucky Resolutions also declared the AS
  Acts null void.
• In other words, Kentucky declared that it would
  not recognize these federal acts as legitimate
  laws.
• This asserted the theory of nullification. This
  was the belief that states also had the power to
  declare a unconstitutional, making the law null
  or void.

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Young Nation John Adamss Administration

• How he Congress handled each issue
• Sectionalism
• Adams did little to bridge the gap between
  sectional arguments between the North South.

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Young Nation John Adamss Administration

• How he Congress handled each issue
• Political Rivalries
• Adams did put his political agenda aside when he
  decided to avoid all out war with France.
• He would have been more popular with the
  Federalists if he did, but he did not think it
  was good for the country.
• This move appeased his rivals the
  Democratic-Republicans briefly.

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Young Nation John Adamss Administration

• How he Congress handled each issue
• Political Rivalries
• The Alien Sedition Acts (1798) actually led to
  more rivalry an animosity between Federalists
  Democratic-Republicans.
• Democratic-Republicans were actually fined
  jailed for writing, publishing, or stating
  anything considered dangerous, hateful, or
  damaging towards any government official.