Mapping Our World

1
Mapping Our World

• Latitude and Longitude
• Cartography
• Science of mapmaking
• Uses imaginary grid of parallel lines and
  vertical lines to locate points on earth
• Equator cuts Earth in Half

2
Latitude

• Latitude lines running to the equator dividing
  the
• globe vertically into degrees north and south of
• The equator
• Each degree of latitude 111km on Earths surface
• Each degree is further broken down into minutes
  and then seconds
• Each minutes of latitude 1.85 km
• Each second of latitude 0.031 km

3
Latitude

• equator is _at_ 0 Degrees Latitude
• 90 Degrees North Latitude is North Pole
• 90 Degrees South Latitude is the South Pole
• 23.5 Degrees North Latitude is Tropic of Cancer
• 23.5 Degrees South Latitude is Tropic of
  Capricorn

4
Longitude

• Longitude lines used to locate positions East
  and
• West of the Prime Meridian
• Each degree of longitude is 111 km at the Equator
  and is further broken down into minutes and
  seconds
• Distance between lines of longitude
  change-largest at the equator and smallest at the
  poles.
• Unlike lines of Latitude, lines of Longitude are
  not parallel but are semicircles running from
  pole to pole
• Distance between degrees of longitude are not
  equal, unlike the distance between degrees of
  latitude smaller distance closer to the poles.
• When using coordinates to locate a specific
  point, degrees of latitude are given first
  followed by degrees of longitude

5
Longitude

• Prime Meridian is _at_ 0 Degrees longitude through
  Greenwich England
• Points west of P.M. are numbered 0-180o west
• Points east of the P.M are numbered 0-180o east
• International dateline is opposite P.M. when
  crossing you going west, add a day, when crossing
  going East subtract a day

6
Latitude and Longitude Together
7
Time Zones

• Time Zones 24 different time zones
• on Earth, Why? (it takes the earth 24
• hours for 1 rotation)
• Each zone is 15 Degrees wide, adjusted to local
  areas to reduce time zone confusion
• United States has 6 time zones

8
Time Zones
9
Date Line

• International Date Line
• Calendar Dates days based on Earths rotation,
• just as time zones are, so when passing through
• time zones, you either gain or lose time
• On the international dateline, 180 Degrees from
  the Prime Meridian, days are lost and gained
• Traveling west across the International Date Line
  you gain a day
• Traveling east across the International Date Line
  you lose a day

10
International Date Line