R' Rawlings

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Future RNAV in ECAC

• R. Rawlings
• Navigation Domain Manager
• Airspace, Flow Management and Navigation Business
  Division

2
OVERVIEW

• Operational Requirement
• Technical Requirements
• Future RNAV
• Timescales

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RNAV IN Terminal Airspace

• RNAV in Terminal Airspace provides significant
  benefits
• Safety
• Capacity
• Efficiency
• Initial applications enabled by P-RNAV
• However P-RNAV is only a first step
• - look to 2010 timescale and beyond

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WHY RNAV DEVELOPMENTS?

• Capacity
• BRNAV and RVSM capacity gains up to 60
• Terminal Airspace constrains capacity
• Impact
• flexibility of routing - enabled by P-RNAV
• reduced TMA Route Spacing
• additional routes - reduced departure/arrival
  constraints
• 4D arrival management

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RNAV Approach

• Approach with Vertical Guidance
• Barometric
• SBAS GNSS (APV I/II)
• Safety and economy of operation
• Stabilised approach
• Reduced risk of CFIT
• Operation at lower minima than NPA
• RNAV enables
• Improved profiles
• reduced impact from New aircraft equipped with
  FMS/RNAV
• Pressure from operators
• Options reviewed in late 1980s
• Considered status and future development
  capabilities

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RNAV in TMA

• Safety
• Increased integrity
• - allow RNAV to become the only means of
  navigation
• Functionality
• - turn performance
• - holding etc.

All aspects contribute to the RNP-RNAV Business
case
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Operational Requirements 1

• Reduce the distance required between laterally
  separated parallel ATS routes

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Operational Requirements 2

• Reduce the angular difference required whilst
  permitting departures at 1 min intervals. (see
  Pans-ATM Ch.5, para 5.6.1)

Enable additional routes or reduce environmental
impact
Present minimum angle
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Operational Requirements 3

• Minimise distance from the intersection at which
  vertical separation is no longer required.

Increase optimality of profiles
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Operational Requirements 4

• Permit Holding Patterns to be placed closer
  together by reducing the size of the Primary
  Area.

• Benefits include
• Accommodating capacity growth
• deconflicting traffic to different airports in
  same TMA
• Meeting runway demand
• Freeing up airspace for other users

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Operational Requirements 5

• Improved turn performance including containment
  of large angle changes

• Benefits expected
• Capacity Place Routes where needed, Enable
  reduced route spacing
• Environmental Design routes more efficiently to
  meet Environmental Requirements

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Operational Requirements 6

• Minimise segment length required between turns on
  RNAV designed routes whilst ensuring same
  navigation accuracy on all turns.

• Benefits expected
• Capacity Place Routes where needed, Enable
  reduced route length in TMA
• Environmental Design routes more efficiently to
  meet Environmental Requirements

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Impact of Operational Requirements

• RNP-RNAV
• Integrity requirements - enable ATC to rely on
  RNAV consistency
• Vertical Navigation performance - profiles
• Turn performance - no opening up of route spacing
  at turns
• Holding capability - reduced airspace requirements

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Additional Requirements

• Reduced Reliance on Ground Infrastructure
• Decommission VOR/NDB
• Route structure independent of Ground Aid
  position
• Impact
• RNAV is only means of Navigation
• Loss of total Navigation Capability has to be
  extremely remote
• Impact on RNAV equipage

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Longer Term Issues

• Arrival and Departure Managers
• Interface requirements to maximise
  capacity/economy benefits
• Implications
• 4D (Time) Control
• Data link interface

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TIMESCALES

• RNAV applications developing at least as rapidly
  as strategy identified
• BUT
• Early demand for RNAV procedures impacted
  consistency (and hence safety) of operation
• Availability of RNP-RNAV capability slower than
  expected

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QUESTIONS

• Is 2010 timescale still appropriate?
• Maximise benefits from P-RNAV
• Can VOR be decommissioned as planned?
• P-RNAV lacks
• containment integrity
• less consistent performance
• Safety Case demands VOR backup

Strategy review starting BUT LONG TERM TARGETS
REMAIN VALID
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Conclusion

• RNP-RNAV Business Case not yet complete
  operational and economic benefits to be further
  addressed
• ? RNP-RNAV mandate likely after 2010
• In meantime, important issues with RNAV operation
  in ECAC TMA next presentation
• Only approval requirement suitable for TMA RNAV,
  in transition towards RNP-RNAV, is Precision RNAV
  (P-RNAV)

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