ECE 231 Intermediate Programming and Engineering Problem Solving

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ECE 231Intermediate Programming andEngineering
Problem Solving

• Fall 2008
• Honggang Yu

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Major Differences C vs. C

• Procedure-Oriented Programming (POP)
• Procedures/functions/subroutines
• Top-down design (divide and conquer)

• Object-Oriented Programming(OOP)
• Abstract Data Type (ADT), Class (more closer to
  real world), data-hiding, polymorphism and
  inheritance
• Bottom-up design

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Contrasting Program Design

• Procedure-Oriented Object-Oriented

Data Operations
Control
Class
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Before Object Orientation
Real world concepts
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Object-orientation helps to remedy this mismatch
Poor correspondence
getCustomerName() initialize() doTransacion() getD
ocument()
billCustomer() recordTransaction() initiateTransa
ction()
Software Design Entities
Adapted from Software Design From Programming to
Architecture by Eric J. Braude (Wiley 2003), with
permission.
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Object Orientation
Real world concepts
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Direct correspondence
Account getDetails()
Transaction execute()
Customer getFirstName()
Software design entities
Adapted from Software Design From Programming to
Architecture by Eric J. Braude (Wiley 2003), with
permission.
Graphics reproduced with permission from Corel.
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Major Differences C vs. C

• Easy to maintain, excellent reusability and
  reliability for large projects of millions of
  lines of code
• Abstract Data Types (ADTs), Classes, Data hiding
  could impede code efficiency

• Unmaintainable for large projects
• Good choice for code that has to be fast while
  still being reasonably readable and portable, eg.
  device drivers

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Syntax Differences C vs. C

• include ltiostreamgt
• Data type typecast is different e.g
• int i 2
• float f float (i)Format type(variable)
• Dynamic memory allocation in C by new and
  delete.

• includeltstidio.hgt
• int i 2
• float f (float) iFormat (type)variable
• in C by calloc() and malloc()

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Syntax Differences C vs. C

• main() must have a return type in C
• Function prototyping (declaration) is compulsive
  in C.
• Boundary checking for array in C .

• main() may not have a return type in C
• Function prototyping (declaration) is optional in
  C.
• No boundary checking for array

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Syntax Differences C vs. C

• the input/output operation is done in C through
  cout and cin objects
• In C we use namespace name std (Appendix C30)

• in c it is done through printf() and scanf()
  functions
• in C it is not needed

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C Features C with Classes

• Inheritance (a child class can inherit
• features of parent class)
• Polymorphism (Ability to take many
• forms)
• Encapsulation (Binding of methods and
• data together)
• Abstraction (Hiding the Implementation
• from the user)

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Review Appendix C

• Basic C