Namaste!

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Namaste! Aap kaise he?
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Planning towards a Quality Education for All
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Presentation Index

• Theories of Schooling
• Cultural Deficit
• Cultural Reproduction

Developments in Educational Policy
Research findings on school practices
Guidelines for Best Practice
Challenges and Conclusions
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Cultural Deficit Theory
Theory
Theory

• Students who fail, do so because
• Genetics
• Race
• Family background
• Home ethos
• Culture
• Class
• Socialisation
• Ethnicity
• Language

Policy
Research
Best Practice
Conclusions
Jensen (1960) Herrnstein and Murray (1994)
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Controversial Methods
Theory
Theory
Policy
Research
IQ tests have served as an instrument of
oppression against the poor dressed in the
trappings of science rather than politics.
Best Practice
Conclusions
Kamin (1974)
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Cultural Reproduction
Theory
Theory

• Students who fail, do so because
• School image projection
• Language usage
• Admission policy
• Calibre of Teachers
• Subjects on offer
• Class divides for subjects and levels
• Content of textbooks
• Focus of Curriculum hidden curriculum
• Assessment design
• Access to resources
• Discipline procedures

Policy
Research
Best Practice
Conclusions
Bourdieu (1977)
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Examine your school
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Equality Proof your school

• Does your school have inclusive policies?
• Does the cultural content of the textbooks in
  your school reflect all cultures in the
  classroom?
• Are your students allocated into classes
  according to their perceived ability?
• Are school resources equally available to all
  students?
• Are all of your students equally cherished by all
  teachers?

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17th Century
Theory
The teacher must keep always their distance,
never showing any weakness, lightness, passion,
servilitynever make the scholars their comrades
by familiarity which denotes equalitythe younger
teachers should be very submissive to the older
onesfor it were very imprudent that every
teacher should be master of everything and no
order or subordination observed.
Policy
Policy
Research
Best Practice
Conclusions
Atkinson (1969)
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Policy Evolution

• Media influence
• Urbanisation
• Industrialisation
• Foreign travel
• OECD Conference
• State involvement
• Economists
• - Increased public expenditure
• Free Education Scheme
• Womens movement
• Revelations of abuse
• Lay teachers
• Parents Councils
• EU Lisbon Summit

Theo centric
Consumption
Mercantilist
Investment in Economy
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21st Century
all children, young people and adults have the
human right to benefit from an education that
will meet their basic learning needs in the best
and fullest sense of the term, an education that
includes learning to know, to do, to live
together and to be. It is an education geared to
tapping each individual's talents and potential,
and developing learners' personalities, so that
they can improve their lives and transform their
societies
Theory
Policy
Policy
Research
Best Practice
Conclusions
World Education Forum, Dakar, Senegal (2000)
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Policy Implementation
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A Framework for School Development Planning

• Vision statement
• Mission statement
• Priorities
• Strategic Plans
• Policies
• Action Plans
• Budget
• Financial Plans

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Process of Planning
Theory

• Collaboration with parents
• Collaboration with students
• Collaboration with wider community
• Embracing a shared vision
• Strengthening of relationships

Policy
Policy
Research
Best Practice
Conclusions
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Planning should be
Theory

• Process based
• Learner focussed
• Internally generated
• Community centred
• Developmental

Policy
Policy
Research
Best Practice
Conclusions
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Planning looks like
Improved Practice
Priorities
Review
Mission Vision Aims
Evaluate
Design
Implement
Monitoring
Action Plans Policies
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Action Plan
Implement Quality Teaching and Learning Strategies Implement Quality Teaching and Learning Strategies Implement Quality Teaching and Learning Strategies Implement Quality Teaching and Learning Strategies Implement Quality Teaching and Learning Strategies Implement Quality Teaching and Learning Strategies
Target(s) Target(s) Target(s) Target(s) Target(s) Target(s)
Measure To address target(s) no. Who? Lead responsibility When? Resources?




Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring
Evaluation Evaluation Evaluation Evaluation Evaluation Evaluation
1- 10 improvement in student attainment 2- All
students equipped with basic ICT skills by end of
4th Year
Collect data on Target Groups 1 W Group
Mr. Bean Monthly Time
Staff Workshop 1 All Staff A.
Principal By Dec 09 Time/Trainer
Assessment Policy 1 W. Group D.
Principal By Jan 10 S. Meeting
ICT Resource Room 2 W. Group Ms.
Daisy By May 12 Time/ PCs
Progress facilitated by lead responsibility to
involve collaboration with students and
parents Progress reviewed quarterly by Principal
Feedback collected and analysed following staff
workshops All teachers to gather and collate data
on student attainment
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Planning must be

• S pecific
• M easurable
• A chievable
• R ealistic
• T imed

Theory
Policy
Policy
Research
Best Practice
Conclusions
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Do Schools Differ?

• Pupils with poor attendance are more likely to
  intend to leave school early
• Streaming has negative consequences for pupils
  allocated to bottom classes without securing any
  overall advantages for those allocated to the top
  classes
• Pupils tend to do better in exams when subject
  choice occurs later
• Pupils tend to do better academically and are
  less likely to drop out when they are more
  integrated into the school

Theory
Policy
Research
Research
Best Practice
Conclusions

• Emer Smyth (1999)

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Do Schools Differ?

• There is a positive association between the
  extent of parental involvement and pupil outcomes
• Pupils tend to respond strongly to the
  expectations of their teachers
• Clear positive impact of a strong emphasis on
  collegiality and staff participation in
  decision-making on academic and non-academic
  pupil outcomes
• More academically effective schools have had a
  greater emphasis on whole-school development

Theory
Policy
Research
Research
Best Practice
Conclusions

• Emer Smyth (1999)

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Conditions for equality

• Shared understanding from Parents of conditions
  for equality in childrens Education ( results
  of overall working groups)

Zappone (2007)
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Conditions for equality

• Share understanding from Professionals of
  conditions for equality in childrens Education
  ( results of overall working groups)

Zappone (2007)
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Messages from Children
Zappone (2007)
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Planning
Theory

• Engage in a process of structured planning
• Plan collaboratively and increase consultation
  with parents, students and the wider community
• Keep teaching and learning as the central focus

Policy
Research
Best Practice
Best Practice
Conclusions
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Teaching and Learning
Theory

• Have high expectations for all students
• Clarity about standards and expectations
• Effective teaching requires planning
• Use a variety of methodologies group work,
  experiments, IT, video, audio, oral, written,
  projects, role play
• Enhance the relevance of instruction
• Focus on individual pupils
• Use assessment effectively
• Instil confidence to risk, err and learn
• Track Progress / student journal

Policy
Research
Best Practice
Best Practice
Conclusions
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Classroom Practice
Theory

• Ensure room is attractive, organised clean
• Start and finish lessons on time
• Provide appropriate seating arrangements
• Clearly explain purpose context of each lesson
• Agree clear rules and procedures
• Limit the number of rules
• Involve students in their own learning
• Use a variety of teaching methodologies
• Set interesting and appropriate homework tasks
• Use a consistent and fair approach to the
  implementation of sanctions and rewards
• Keep records

Policy
Research
Best Practice
Best Practice
Conclusions
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Challenges
Theory

• What will you do to ensure that your school
  excels in the provision of a quality education
  for all learners?
• To what extent is your school willing to change
  the system to fit the individual needs of
  learners?

Policy
Research
Best Practice
Conclusions
Conclusions
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Dhanyavad!