Forensic Analysis DNA and Protein Assays

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Forensic Analysis DNA and Protein Assays

• C.S.I Wyoming Wildlife

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Outline

• Load the gel
• Poaching
• Equipment in a Forensics Lab
• Tests that the Forensics Lab can do
• Species ID
• Gender determination
• Genotyping
• Determining if the bear remains found in
  Yellowstone belong to the bear hide found in the
  suspects house
• Analyze the Gel

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PoachingILLEGAL TAKE OF WILDLIFE

• Out of season
• Taking of more fish or game then the law allows
• Killing of protected wildlife
• Wrong gender
• Trespassing
• Numerous others

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Why Poach???

• Sometimes for the meat
• Ungulates-Antlers, horns, tails
• Black bear-gall bladders (2,000 each) and paws
  (175 each)
• Raptors-Feathers and falconers

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Different Kinds of Evidence
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Lab Equipment

• Some of the equipment you will see in the lab
• Can you identify the equipment?
• How do you think scientists use this equipment?
• Why do you think scientists need these pieces of
  equipment?

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Lab Equipment
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Lab Equipment
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Lab Equipment
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Services Available for Forensic Analysis

• Species Identification
• Gender Analysis by PCR
• Matching of Items Using Microsatellites

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Bear hide from the house of the person suspected
of shooting the animal in Yellow Stone
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Gathering the Evidence

• Processing the evidence
• Can you think of ways that evidence can be
  destroyed or ruined by the way that you handle it?

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Determining the Species

• Instead of a DNA test we use a protein assay

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DNA Extractions

• DNA is found in every cell except red blood
  cells. This allows for extraction of DNA from
  tissue, blood (from white blood cells), bones,
  antlers, horns, and most major organs.

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Gender DNA Analysis XX-Female XY-Male
Example of a gender gelOne band pattern is
XX-femaleTwo band pattern is XY-Male
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Polymerase Chain Reaction

• Movie

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Gender determination
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Genotyping by Microsatellite Matching
Chromosomes Different parts of chromosomes are
examined to see if they match
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Genotyping
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Activities

• Activity Sheet 1 Gender Determination and
  Genotyping
• Activity Sheet 2 DNA Extraction from Fruit