Atwood Quarry, Port Clyde, ME

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(No Transcript)
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Atwood Quarry, Port Clyde, ME Chelsea Sonksen
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Craters of the Moon NP Will Junkin
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Snake River, ID Hannah OBrien
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Wildcat Mountain and Mt Washington Kyle Migliorini
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Rock Candy 1 Glass jar or drinking glass 1
Food coloring (optional) 1 Piece of cotton
string 1 c Water 1 Pencil or stick 2 c
Sugar 1 Paper clip Additional sugar Tie a
short piece of cotton string to the middle of the
pencil or stick. Attach a paper clip to the end
of the string for a weight. Moisten the string
very lightly, and roll in a bit of sugar (this
will "attract" the sugar crystals from the syrup
to the string). Place the pencil or stick over
the top of the glass or jar with the string
hanging down inside. Heat the water to boiling,
and dissolve the 2 cups of sugar into it. For
the biggest crystals FAST, heat the sugar-water
solution a SECOND time, and dissolve as much
additional sugar as you can into it. Add a few
drops of food coloring to the solution if
desired. Pour the solution into the prepared
glass or jar and leave undisturbed for a couple
of days. Depending on how much sugar you were
able to dissolve into the water, you should start
to see crystals growing in a few hours to a few
days. Source Karen Mintzias Just Recipes
http//www.melborponsti.com/index.htm
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IGNEOUS PROCESSES AND IGNEOUS ROCKS
ULTRAMAFIC ROCKS MAFIC derived from Magnesium and
Ferrum (iron). Dominated by Fe-Mg silicates,
olivine and pyroxene. Contains very little silica
lt 40. No feldspars or quartz. Form deep in the
Earths surface. Very dark in color and
dense. Found at converging continental plate
boundaries. PERIDOTITE OR DUNITE
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IGNEOUS PROCESSES AND IGNEOUS ROCKS
MAFIC ROCKS Silica content is 45-55. Contains
dark plagioclase feldspars, pyroxenes
and possibly olivine. GABBRO - phaneritic BASALT
- aphanitic SCORIA - aphanitic and porous
(vesicular). BASALT is major constituent
in oceanic crust.
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IGNEOUS PROCESSES AND IGNEOUS ROCKS
INTERMEDIATE ROCKS Silica content is
55-65. Contains dark plagioclase feldspars,
pyroxenes, biotite and hornblende. Very little
if any quartz. Lighter color than mafic
rocks. ANDESITE - aphanitic 2nd most abundant
volcanic rock in Earths crust. DIORITE -
phaneritic
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IGNEOUS PROCESSES AND IGNEOUS ROCKS
FELSIC ROCKS
Felsic comes from Feldspar and Silica. Silica
content is gt65. Rich in orthoclase, muscovite
and quartz. Lighter color than intermediate
rocks. Wide variety in texture in felsic rocks.
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PHANERITIC TEXTURE
GRANITE
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APHANITIC TEXTURE
RHYOLITE
FELSITE
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GLASSY TEXTURE
OBSIDIAN Forms when gas-poor felsic lava cools
very quickly.
PUMICE Forms when gas-rich felsic lava cools very
quickly.
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IGNEOUS PROCESSES AND IGNEOUS ROCKS
COMPOSITION
PHANERITIC
APHANITIC
GLASSY
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IGNEOUS PROCESSES AND IGNEOUS ROCKS
Rocks are generally composed of several
minerals. Consequently, rocks dont just simply
melt. Different minerals melt at different
temperatures. Rocks undergo PARTIAL
MELTING. Some of the rock stays
solid. Generally those minerals with high
melting point are last to melt. Those with
lower melting points become liquid first. HEAT,
PRESSURE and WATER CONTENT all affect
the melting of rocks.
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IGNEOUS PROCESSES AND IGNEOUS ROCKS
HEAT Comes from Radioactive Decay Heat
produced from Earths formation still rising to
be released. Frictional heat from plate
movement. Temperature rises with depth in the
Earth THERMAL GRADIENT. Increased temperature
causes minerals to melt.
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IGNEOUS PROCESSES AND IGNEOUS ROCKS
PRESSURE High pressure on rocks acts to make the
bonds stronger. Pressure increases -- melting
point increases. If pressure is released
quickly, melting will occur.
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IGNEOUS PROCESSES AND IGNEOUS ROCKS
WATER CONTENT Water, even in small amounts lowers
melting point. Due to polarity of water
molecules. Decreased pressure and water content
greatly lowers melting point. Increases bond
breaking ability of water. In subduction zones,
wet oceanic crust is pushed down with increasing
pressure causing increased melting.