EmotionalSocial Development

1
Emotional/Social Development

• Chapter 12 15

2
Emotional Development from 1 to 3

• General Emotional Patterns
• 18 months
• self-centered- think about own needs and wants
  not those of others
• Starting to learn not all desires met immediately
• Spoken instruction not always followed
• negativism- doing opposite of what others want
• Desire for independence
• Frustration
• Childs realization of being separate person
• Use positive guidance to combat negativism
• Give choices
• Redirect child
• Encourage talking
• Temper tantrums- release of anger or frustration
  by screaming, crying, kicking, pounding sometimes
  holding breath

3

• 2 years
• Speech and motor skills improve releaving
  frustration
• Expresses love and affection freely
• Seeks approval and praise
• Easier to reason with and get along better
• 2 ½ years
• Learn so much feel overwhelmed
• Want to do something not physically capable of
• Drive for independence
• Sensitive about being bossed, help, shown,
  directed
• Rapid mood change
• Need consistency
• Independent and dependent

4

• 3 years
• Sunny cooperative
• Learning to be considerate
• More physically capable
• More willing to take directions
• Modify behavior to win praise and affection
• Like to talk
• Reasoned with and controlled with words
• 3 ½ years
• Insecure
• fears common
• Emotional tension and insecurity often show up in
  physical ways
• Start habits
• Stumble or stutter

5
Specific emotions

• Anger
• Younger self directed older other directed
• Younger use physical older use words
• Respond in controlled way
• Fear
• separation anxiety-fear of being away from
  parents familiar caregivers or their normal
  environment
• Help deal with fears
• Offer support and understanding
• Talk about fears and listen
• Accept fear avoid force child to confront it
• Read books about fear
• Make unfamiliar situations more secure
• Teach child how to control frightening situations

6

• Jealousy
• Peaks at three
• Lessens as create close ties with outside people
• sibling rivalry- competition between brothers or
  sisters for parents affection and attention
• Steps to cut down on sibling rivalry
• Make sure all children know that loved and
  appreciated
• Set aside time to spend with each child
• Avoid making comments that compare each other
• Let take turns choosing activities
• No tattling
• Love and affection
• Must learn to love
• Relationships in this age reflects on those in
  later years
• Should be strong but not smothering
• Empathy
• Between 1 and 11/2 children show empathy
• empathy- ability to put oneself in anothers
  place
• Caregiver needs to help develop

7
Individual differences

• Each has different experiences
• Temperament

Developing a positive self concept

• self-concept- how see themselves
• What you think you are like as a person
• Believe what say about them
• mastery of skills add to self-esteem

8

• Evaluating emotional adjustment
• Early relationship with parents determines
• Signs of healthy relationships
• Child seeks approval and praise from parents
• Child turns to parents for comfort and help
• Child turns to parents for comfort and help
• Child tells parents about significant events so
  that they may share in joy and sorrow
• Child accepts limits and discipline without
  unusual resistance

9
Social Development from 1-3

• 18 months
• Developing independence from family
• Need trips to visit with other people
• Little real interaction between children
• Other people more objects
• Intent on satisfying strong desires
• Can understand consequences

10

• 2 years
• Good at understanding and interacting with main
  caregiver
• Can read moods and gauge kind of behavior
  acceptable
• Fun to have others around to play by
• Begin to understand idea of sharing and taking
  turns
• Like to please others
• Occasionally put needs of others before theirs
• 2 ½ years
• Negativism carries over into social
• Learning about rights of others
• Squabbles frequent but short

11

• 3 years
• Sunny and agreeable
• People important
• Share, help or do things another persons way to
  please them
• Can work together in small groups
• Parent still important, but not all-powerful in
  their social lives
• Prefer some companions over others
• 3 ½ years
• Complex and more conversation
• Share even if do not want, cause want friends
• Close friends exclude others
• Notice what other children are like and compare

12

• Making friends
• Ability to make friends important
• Develop normally
• Comfortable and friendly with others
• At least one friend at a time
• If unable or unwilling to make friend find out
  why
• Need contact at young age
• Become more comfortable and used to normal
  interaction from other children
• All children have disagreements step in if one
  child is going to be hurt or not matched fairly
• Imaginary friends
• Common age 3-4
• Can be helpful to work through situations

13

• Guiding toddlers
• Help children learn self discipline
• 8-12 months
• Use distraction
• 12-15 months
• Use distraction or physical removal
• 15-24 months
• Distraction, removal, and spoken restrictions
• 2-3 years
• Spoken commands and explanations
• 3-4 years
• Reasonable loving guidance

14

• Promoting sharing
• One of first social skills learned
• Help develop social skills by
• Lead children to activities in which they need to
  share or take turns
• Limit material on hand so sharing is required
• When handing out things have children pass them
  out
• Make clear what behavior encouraging sharing or
  taking turns

15
Emotional Development 4-6

• General emotional patterns
• 4 years
• Intent on asserting independence
• Self-centered, impatient, defiant, boastful
• Often argue and compete
• Bossier
• Unusually loving and affectionate
• Need and seek parental approval
• Wash and dress selves
• Proud of accomplishments abilities, possessions,
  and creations
• Use language with enthusiasm
• Enjoy when people laugh at their jokes but not
  them
• Try to use flexible rules

16

• 5 years
• Rather practical, sympathetic, and serious
• Improved attention span so finish what started
• Increasingly realistic
• Enjoy slapstick humor, carry on real discussions,
  ask meaningful questions
• Conform to rules more easily
• Adult criticism very hard
• More patient, generous, persistent and
  conscientious
• Anxious out of desire to achieve acceptable
  results

17

• 6 years
• Stubborn and quarrelsome
• Resent directions
• Know everything
• Center of own universe
• Worse with own parents
• Rapidly changing moods
• Appreciate humorous situations and jokes
• Throw selves into fun
• Crave praise and approval
• Easily hurt and discouraged

18

• Specific emotions
• Caregivers accept and help id all emotions
• Self-confidence improved as find success
• initiative- motivation to accomplish more
• Anger
• 4 years
• Physically fighting
• Lasts longer
• Threaten to get even
• 5 years
• Try to hurt others feelings
• 6 years
• Tease, insult, nag, and make fun of others

19

• Decrease in frequency but increase in length
• Source are eliminated as skills improve
• Better social skills
• Realize some things belong to other people
• Work well in groups
• Begin to learn about and accept differing
  personalities
• Quarrels still loud and verbal
• Begin to conceal and disguise feelings
• Indirect revenge
• Exaggerated threats
• Scapegoats
• Will punish the caregiver if they get in trouble

20
Social and Moral Development 4-6

• General Social Patterns
• Development a major task
• peers-others their age
• - 4 years
• Form friendships with playmates
• Cooperative play mostly
• Groups 3-4
• Share and take turns
• Fighting common
• Family still more important
• Ask for approval
• Look to adults if things go wrong

21

• - 5 years
• More outgoing and talkative
• Groups 5-6
• Play is more complicated
• Quarreling less frequent
• Name calling and wild threats
• More respect for others belongings
• Concerned about what friends say and do
• Dont like to be different and fear ridicule
• Gossip begins
• Discuss that it can be harmful

22

• - 6 years
• Social relations characterized by
• Friction
• Aggression
• Threats
• stubbornness
• Want everything
• Want to do it their way
• May not want to share
• Jealous of others toys
• Best friends usually same sex
• Readily play in mixed groups
• Friendship closer and longer
• Like group play and organized teams
• Will drop out of game as soon as tired

23

• Family Relationships
• Like to do chores
• Quarrel and bicker with siblings
• 5-
• Proud of parent and like to help
• Play better with younger siblings
• 6-
• Less in harmony often rough and impatient with
  younger siblings and want to fight
• Moral Development
• moral development- process of gradually learning
  to base ones behavior on personal beliefs of
  right and wrong