11FUEL

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Fuel and Voyage Planning
Chapter 11
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Fuel and Voyage Planning

• What you will learn in this lesson
• How to construct and interpret a fuel consumption
  chart
• How to make efficiency, range, and endurance
  calculations
• Sources of fuel consumption data
• Time/fuel-efficiency tradeoffs
• A Howgozit chart

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Fuel and Voyage Planning

• Beginnings a fuel consumption chart
• Fuel efficiency, range, and endurance
• Fuel reserves--why and how much?
• Fuel efficiency versus speed
• Displacement hull vessels
• Planing hull vessels
• Gas versus diesel

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Fuel and Voyage Planning

• Sources of fuel consumption data
• Factors that affect fuel efficiency
• Enroute time-throttle setting tradeoffs
• Effect of current on fuel efficiency
• Radius of action/point of no return
• Integrating fuel planning into voyage planning

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Fuel and Voyage Planning

• Additional tips for improved fuel management
• Planning
• While underway
• The Howgozit chart
• Other suggestions
• When is formal fuel planning necessary?

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Illustrative Speed Curve for Vessel Aventura
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Relationship between RPM Fuel Consumption
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The Fuel Consumption Chart combines the Vessels
Speed Curve with Engine Fuel Consumption Data
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Illustrative Fuel Planning Worksheet
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For Displacement or Semi-Displacement Hulls, fuel
efficiency is highest at low speeds
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Maximum Speed for a Displacement Vessel is
Hull Speed 1.34 LWL
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Fuel burn rate efficiency for the same boat
with two power plants
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Fuel burn rate efficiency for the same boat
with three different power plants
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Factors that affect Fuel Efficiency

• Vessel Hull Design
• Condition of Hull
• Engine type, Horsepower, and Condition
• Engine Throttle Setting (RPM)
• Pitch and Diameter of Propellers

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Factors that affect Fuel Efficiency

• Weight (Load) Weight Distribution
  (Balance)
• Trim Settings
• Fair or Foul Currents
• Wind Sea Conditions
• Ability of Helmsman to Maintain Course

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Time - Throttle Tradeoffs Illustrated
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Illustrative Fuel Planning Worksheet
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How optimal throttle setting resulting fuel
efficiency vary with foul currents for vessels
with displacement hulls
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Optimal Power settings Associated information
as a function of the drift of the assumed current
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Time - Throttle setting Tradeoffs illustrated
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Assumed currents can substantially affect
speed-fuel consumption tradeoffs for displacement
or semi-displacement hull vessels
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Voyage Planning Worksheet
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HOWGOZIT chart for example voyage
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Tips for Improved Fuel Management
General Planning

• Develop a fuel use versus throttle settings
  (RPM) curve for your vessel
• Consider voyage routing or timing options to
  minimize exposure to foul currents or adverse
  weather conditions
• Study publications to learn the locations along
  a proposed route where fuel is available

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Tips for Improved Fuel Management
General Planning

• Use formal fuel planning and allow adequate
  reserve margins
• Consider speed versus fuel consumption tradeoffs

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Tips for Improved Fuel Management
While Underway

• Do not trust fuel gauges - verify fuel levels
  before and during voyage
• Maintain a HOWGOZIT chart, or
• Maintain a fuel log and be prepared to divert to
  alternate destinations

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Tips for Improved Fuel Management
Maintenance and Related

• Keep engines tuned
• Clean bottom periodically
• Fill up tanks after each trip to minimize
  condensation problems

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Tips for Improved Fuel Management
Vessel Equipment

• Consider installation of crossfeeds in multiple
  tank/engine setups
• Consider installation of fuel management system
• Consider installation of vessel trim tabs

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