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5'12 P 1

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It also provides information on each household in the community. Community Resource Map ... what are the remedies or solutions they have tried out ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: 5'12 P 1


1
Interacting with Communities
  • Working with the Poor

2
Participatory Learning Action (PLA)
  • Introduction - Why PLA?
  • A truly participatory approach of working with
    the communities can be introduced by using
    Participatory Learning Action (PLA) techniques.
    The aim is
  • for people to analyze their own situation, rather
    than to have it analyzed by outsiders.
  • to empower the community to control the
    developmental activities in their communities for
    their own benefit

3
Participatory Learning Action (PLA)
  • PLA helps to look
  • Deeper
  • Differently and at other
  • Dimensions of Community Concern
  • PLA is not just a method. It is a process. It
    can be used for
  • Mobilizing organizing communities
  • Empowering people enabling them to articulate
    their problems
  • Initiating community level interventions in
    partnerships with people

4
Participatory Learning Action (PLA)
  • Building a team introducing an inter-sectoral
    approach in looking at community problems
    concerns
  • Seeking diverse solution to peoples problems
  • Essential features of PLA
  • In this method the information thus collected
    can be cross-checked. We need
  • A Team Experts, Insiders, Outsiders.
  • Tools Techniques Discussions, Observations,
    Diagrams etc.
  • Various sources of Information Events,
    Processes, People etc.

5
Participatory Learning Action (PLA)
  • Essentials before PLA
  • Clarify Goals Objectives of the Study.
  • Choose Main Topics.
  • Prepare a List of such Topics, Indicators and Key
    Questions.
  • Identify Sources of Information for each
    Sub-topic.
  • Select Tools to Gather and Analyse Information.
  • Design Research Tools.

6
PLA Tools Techniques
Some PLA methods that can be used for
understanding the communities are
  • Transect or walk through
  • Community Resource Mapping
  • Trends Analysis
  • Time Line
  • Seasonality Diagramming
  • Problem Diagrams
  • Linkages
  • Pie Diagrams
  • Family Line
  • Daily Routine Diagrams
  • Matrix Ranking/scoring
  • Pairwise Ranking
  • Wealth Ranking
  • Resource Flow
  • Decision Matrix
  • One Page Story

7
Transect
  • What is a Transect ?
  • A transect or a walk through is the first visit
    to the community to know its different features.
  • Why should one do a Transect?
  • A walkthrough will help us to note
  • The resources exist in the area such as household
    water taps, garbage points, sanitation systems,
    open areas, balwadis, etc.
  • Some problems that may exist in the area such as
    open drain channels, taps without proper drainage
    channels, unpaved pathways, busy main roads,
    unhygienic community toilets etc.
  • The strengths, potential or opportunities that
    exist such as possibilities for constructing
    household toilets, open area that can be
    converted into a park or school etc.

8
Community Resource Map
  • What is a Community Resource Map?
  • A community resource map is a detailed picture of
    the community that indicates the different
    facilities and services available within the
    community, their locations and spread. It also
    provides information on each household in the
    community.

9
Community Resource Map
  • How to prepare a Community Resource Map?
  • Find an open space in the community, where about
    50 persons can be comfortably accommodated.
  • Collect a group of people from the community,
    inform them about the purpose of your exercise
  • Draw the map on the ground. This will enable a
    larger group of community to participate in the
    exercise
  • The map can later be transferred on to a chart
    paper preferably by the people themselves
  • The information must be presented back to the
    community so that they may make corrections and
    suggest solutions/alternatives.

10
Chapati Diagram
  • What is Chapati Diagram
  • A Chapati Diagram is an exercise which can be
    used for finding out problems of Peoples in the
    communities, the priorities they assign to these
    to understand who are the key decision makers in
    the community and how are the different problems
    / people linked together.

11
Chapati Diagram
  • How to we make a Chapati Diagram for
    Problems?
  • After gathering the community together, people
    may be requested to represent these problems on
    the ground using object as symbols
  • Provide people with chapatis / circles of
    different sizes which they may place under these
    symbols to represent the gravity / magnitude of
    the problem.

12
Chapati Diagram
  • Follow this up with an analysis / discussion
    of each problem to understand
  • how it affects the people,
  • the degree of its severity ,
  • what priority do they assign to solving it
  • what are its implications
  • what are the remedies or solutions they have
    tried out
  • what has been their contribution to finding the
    solution for the whole
  • community
  • what intervention is needed .

13
Matrix Ranking
  • What is a Matrix Ranking?
  • A matrix ranking exercise helps to identify
    choices people make and why. It can be used for
    finding out the possible options available to
    people, their priorities and preferences.
  • How to do a Matrix Ranking?
  • Once the community has listed their problems they
    may be asked to indicate the alternative
    solutions to these that are currently being
    practiced by people.
  • Draw a matrix on the ground or on a chart.

14
Forming Action Plans
  • If facilitated carefully, people really enjoy
    developing their own action plan and 'own' the
    plan. Such plans generally indicate communities'
    preferred style of implementing them and lends
    into participatory implementation process in the
    project cycle.
  • The solutions/development intervention /strategy
    proposed should be relevant to the level of
    technology that exists in the community. The
    financial implications will be determined by the
    type of technology used
  • No technology -No cost
  • Indigenous technology -Low cost
  • Introducing technology- Medium cost Hi
    technology-High cost

15
Forming Action Plans
  • After facilitating the DEVELOPMENT and
    EMPOWERMENT of the community, the IMPLEMENTATION
    and MONITORING, the professionals must also PHASE
    OUT.
  • Phasing Out has to be planned from Day 1 of the
    programme. It is only then that Sustainable
    Transformation can take place. People must know
    that the professionals' presence is only for a
    brief while that they must manage on their own.

16
Overcoming the Engineers bias
  • Engineers are commonly either reluctant or are
    uncomfortable with the idea of interacting with
    communities. They feel that being technical'
    sets them apart from others. These typical'
    attitudes have to change and the awe of the
    common man' for the engineer saab' has to be
    replaced by a healthy respect for each others
    views and experience.
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