PROTILTKY IMUNOGLOBULINY

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PROTILÁTKY (IMUNOGLOBULINY)
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Basic properties of antibodies
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BCR signaling, B cell biology
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MEMBRANE MICRODOMAINS (RAFTS) ROLE IN BCR
SIGNALING IN VARIOUS DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES OF B
CELLS
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Figure 4 Proposed model to integrate tonic and
ligand-induced aggregation-dependent signalling
processes. In contrast to tonic signalling, which
operates in non-extensively oligomerized
complexes, aggregation facilitates the initial
recruitment of spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) to
the phosphorylated membrane-proximal tyrosine of
the Iga and Igß immunoreceptor tyrosine-based
activation motifs (ITAMs) (a) (generated as
described in FIG. 3) and allows it to
transphosphorylate both tyrosines of the ITAMS of
proximal Iga and Igß (b), as well as the
activating tyrosines of SYK molecules79,82 that
are associated with these proximal IgaIgß
complexes (c). Aggregation thereby triggers
positive feedback of SYK activation79 (d). The
association of the aggregated complexes with
lipid rafts potentially leads to the exclusion of
negative regulators of BCR signalling (e) and/or
inactivation of protein tyrosine kinases through
localized production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)
(f). PTK, protein tyrosine kinase.
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CATALYTIC ANTIBODIES (CAbs, Abzymes)

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ANTIBODIES MAKE OZONE
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MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES, PRACTICAL USES
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