An Industrial Revolution

1
An Industrial Revolution

• Chapter 11, Lesson 4

2
What was the Industrial Revolution?

• The Industrial Revolution may be defined as the
  time period in which the power driven machinery
  was applied to manufacturing.
• The Result America begins to become more
  modern in the first half of the 1800s

3
Triangular Trade

• Why do you think the system of triangular trade
  died out?

4
Why did it happen?

• New Inventions
• Confidence in American Ability
• The Westward Movement
• Manifest Destiny
• Progress

5
New Ways Transportation

• With people moving to new places, people begin to
  look for new methods of travel.
• The National Road ran from Maryland, through West
  Virginia, and into Illinois. (1860 - 90,000)

6
Canal Building

• Since traveling by water was easier than by land
  many, people wanted to transfer goods by large
  ships called barges, instead of wagons.
• This leads to several different canal systems
  being built. The most important being the Erie
  Canal.

7
Steamboats

• Since steamboats were more efficient than Canals,
  they soon replaced them.
• Thomas Newcomen invents the steam engine.
• Robert Fultons boat the Clermont was the first
  to travel easily upstream.

8
Locomotives

• Because of how much they could transport, trains
  became the newest wave of transportation.
• By the mid 1800s there were about 9,000 miles of
  track in the U.S.

9
Industrial Revolution

• Industrial Revolution In America
• Eli Whitney and the Cotton Gin

10
Eli Whitney Interchangeable Parts

• In 1798, the government awarded Eli Whitney a
  contract of 134,000 to produce and deliver
  10,000 muskets. With this contract, Whitney
  refined and successfully applied his
  revolutionary, "Uniformity System" of
  manufacturing interchangeable parts. Whitney
  convinced President John Adams of the great
  significance of his innovative approach by
  demonstrating that randomly selected parts could
  be fitted together into a complete, working
  musket. Though it took years to deliver the last
  of the muskets, the government's investment and
  support enabled Whitney to prove his system and
  establish it as the leading source of the modern
  assembly line. He demonstrated that machine
  tools, manned by workers who did not need the
  highly specialized skills of gunsmiths, could
  produce standardized parts to exact
  specifications, and that any part could be used
  as a component of any musket. The firearms
  factory he built in New Haven, Conn., was thus
  one of the first to use MASS PRODUCTION methods.

11
Workers on an Assembly Line
MASS
Production

• Hamilton or Jefferson?

12
LAWS OF SUPPLY AND DEMAND!
Amount
Demand for Cotton Supply for Cotton
Slaves
13
Negative effects of Factories

• Textile Factories Make Clothes from CottonHigh
  Demand for Cotton need for large amounts of it.
• More and more slaves are needed to keep the
  plants running, so slavery continues to take hold
  of America in both the North and South.
• Labor problems begin to occur for both children
  and adults.

14
Personal LetterHamilton to Jefferson

• Dear Mr. Hamilton,

• Dear Mr. Jefferson,

15
Review Questions (pg. 419)

• How did new technologies change life in the
  United States?
• In what ways did the new technologies of the
  1800s have lasting effects?
• How are supply and demand related?
• Why do you think the number of new inventions
  continues to grow.
• How does mass production of goods impact prices