Title:From Colony to Country

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TitleFrom Colony to Country

• Item Frickin Amazing- In Class PPT Lecture

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From Colony to Country

• Objectives
• Understand what factors led to the American
  Revolution
• Understand the enlightenment ideas and how they
  impacted American ideals

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(No Transcript)
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British Settlement

• Eastern North America
• Jamestown- 1st Successful colony saved by tobacco
• Regional Differences create different cultures in
  North and South
• Colonies self-run Salutary Neglect

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The Policy of Mercantilism

• 1. The concept that the colony existed for the
  good of the mother country.
• 2. The colonies paid taxes, sent over raw
  materials and had to purchase all finished good
  from the mother country.
• 3. The mother country's only obligation was
  defense.
• 4. England had actually ignored the colonies and
  never really collected taxes, a policy called
  Salutary Neglect

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The French and Indian War
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French and Indian War

• France and Great Britain compete for dominance
• Part of larger war
• Colonist help fight vs. French
• Tried to take Canada
• British win

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The French and Indian War

• 1. The French and Indian War cost the British a
  lot of money.
• 2. Following the policy of mercantilism they
  abandoned Salutary Neglect by
• increasing taxes - Sugar Act, Stamp Act
• increasing control - Proclamation of 1763 (Set a
  border at the frontier to increase control)
• 3. This was done without consulting the colonists

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Colonial Reaction

• 1. Cried - "No Taxation Without Representation!"
• 2. Formed the Sons of Liberty
• 3. Tarred and feathered stamp collectors
• 4. Disobeyed the King.

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The British Response

• 1. Various Punitive and Taxing Acts
• Tea Act, which led to Boston Tea Party
• Quartering Acts - British soldiers lived in the
  homes of colonists.
• Coercive Acts, which the colonists called the
  Intolerable Acts where the Port of Boston was
  closed and the Massachusetts charter revoked.

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Discontent Spreads

• New Rules changed the way the colonists had
  operated for nearly 100 years
• Affected commerce and freedom
• Continental Congress formed

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Continental Congress

• 1774- Organized to present issues to King, show
  unity of colonies
• Sent Olive Branch Petition- Asked king to ease up
  on new rules
• Meet again- 2nd Continental Congress
• Lexington and Concord happened in before next
  meeting

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2nd Continental Congress

• 1776- Philadelphia
• Purpose was to discuss response of King and
  issues
• April 1775 Lexington Concord sped up call for
  separation
• Congress issued Declaration of Independence, July
  4th 1776

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Declaration of Independence

• Written by Thomas Jefferson (mostly)
• Ideas came from Enlightenment thinkers
• Roseau, Locke,Voltaire
• Purpose was to formally declare separation from
  King
• State reasons why
• Established ideas for new government

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The Revolution Begins

• 1. The colonists met at the First Continental
  Congress and sent a letter to the King attempting
  to find peace, he never read it. This was known
  as the Olive Branch Petition.
• 2. The King sent troops to the Colonies and
  battles occurred at Lexington and Concord and
  then Bunker Hill.
• 3. The Second Continental Congress wrote and
  ratified the Declaration of Independence.

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America and The Enlightenment
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John Locke

• His writings became the basis for the Declaration
  of Independence
• He wrote about the natural rights of Life Liberty
  and Property.
• He also wrote that government was created by
  consent of the governed in order to protect these
  natural rights.
• If the government did not protect these rights he
  said that people had the right to rebel and
  dissolve the government.
• This was the philosophical justification of the
  American Revolution.

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Voltaire

• - His writings became the basis of the 1st
  Amendment and Freedom of Speech
• - Voltaire once wrote "I may disagree with what
  you say, but I will defend till death your right
  to say it." This famous quote was widely read and
  believed.

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Baron de Montesquieu

•   - His writings became the framework of the much
  of the Constitution.
• - He wrote about a Separation of powers and
  checks and balances that would divide government
  into three branches in order to prevent one
  branch of government from getting too powerful.

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Machiavelli Hobbes

• Machiavelli (The Prince)
• Hobbes (Leviathan)
• Endorsed a strong government and in part formed
  the basis of federalism.

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Declaration Activity

• Read through section 1, 2, 4 and 5 carefully for
  each of those sections translate the olde English
  in your own words (even appropriate slang)
• Include a visual representation for each section.
• For section 3- pick three from the 20 complaints
  to translate and create a visual for.
• In your own words explain why many people say
  that section two is the most important section in
  all of American history.
• Do this in the packet, you can use the back also
• Will be discussing it on Later