Max Weber

1
Max Webers Characteristics of a Bureaucracy

• Chain of Command
• Division of Labor
• Specification of Authority
• Goals Orientation
• Impersonality

2
The Cabinet Departments

• Agriculture (1889)
• Commerce (1913)
• Defense (17891947)
• Education (1979)
• Energy (1977)
• Health and Human Services (19531979)
• Housing and Urban Development (1965)

• Interior (1849)
• Justice (1789)
• Labor (1913)
• State (1789)
• Transportation (1966)
• Treasury (1789)
• Veterans Affairs (1989)

3
Executive Office of the President

• White House Office
• Office of Management and Budget
• Council of Economic Advisors
• National Security Council
• Office of the U.S. Trade Representative
• National Critical Materials Council
• Council on Environmental Quality
• Office of Science and Technology Policy
• Office of Administration
• Office of National Drug Control Policy

4
Agency Rulemaking

• Announce in the Federal Register.
• Hold hearings regarding proposed regulation.
• Conduct research on economic and environmental
  impacts.
• Solicit public comments.
• Consult with higher officials.
• Publish the new regulation in the Federal
  Register.

5
The National Security Council

• Created in 1947
• Purposes
• To advise the president on national security
  matters.
• To coordinate domestic, foreign, and military
  policies.
• Composition
• President
• Vice President
• Secretary of State
• Secretary of Defense
• Director of National Security Council
• Director of the Office of Emergency Preparedness

6
Office of Management and Budget

• Created by the Budget and Accounting Act of 1921
• Functions
• Reviews budgets and legislative proposals for all
  federal departments and agencies
• Prepares the presidents annual budget proposals

7
Bureaucratic Budget Strategies

• Spend it all
• Ask for more
• Put vital programs in the basic budget
• Make new programs appear incremental
• Give them something to cut
• Make cuts hurt

8
Congressional Constraints on the Federal
Bureaucracy

• Administrative Procedures Act (1946)
• Freedom of Information Act (1966)
• Privacy Act (1974)