GOVERNANCE, CIVIL SOCIETY AND THE "NEW" AFRICA

1
GOVERNANCE, CIVIL SOCIETY AND THE "NEW" AFRICA

• PIA 2574

2
The Primacy of the African Nation-State- How
sovereign

• a. Impact of trans-national actors
• b. Issue of micro-states
• c. Rational Actor model- public or
  social choice theory

3
The Primacy of the African Nation-State- How
sovereign

• d. Collective choice is non-rational
• e.The role of international regimes- UN, World
  Bank, IMF, etc. New International Order (NIO)

4
Democracy What is it?

• Democracy and
• 1. Governance
• 2. Local Government
• 3. Civil Society

5
Types of Democracy

• Direct Democracy
• Indirect Democracy
• Pluralism vs. Polyarchy
• Civil Society
• Cooperative Movement

6
Review James Madison and Democracy

• The problem with majorities
• Tyranny
• Factions

7
Direct Democracy vs. Representative Democracy

• Populism vs. Minority rights
• Shifting majorities
• Problem with Plebiscites

8
Definitions of Democracy in Africa

• The First Issue Opposition vs. Consensus
• The Second Issue A Chief is a Chief by the
  People

9
Definitions of Democracy Review

• Presidential Systems- Separation of Powers
• Parliamentary systems- Representation and Fusion
• Traditional Africa- Consensus and hierarchy

10
Defining Democracy

• Village democracy and talking things out
• Ubuntu, Ujamaa and Humanism
• How Collective, How Market Friendly

11
THE INSTITUTIONAL STATE

• What is the "Institutional State?
• Why is it important?

12
The Institutional State

• Civil Society
• Institutionalized Norms
• Stable Government

13
The Institutional State

• Permanent Government The Administrative
  apparatus
• Goal Muted Cultural Differences

14
The Institutional State The Reality

• Breakdown of Governance
• Corruption
• Military Coups

15
The Institutional State The Reality

• Self Serving Bureaucrats
• Bureaucratic Elites
• Civil War-Violence Inter-state Conflict and
  African Development

16
Governance and Sovereignty-

• Rules of the Game politics Zero/sum vs. sum/sum
  politics
• "Splintering"- the break up of states-
  centrifugal forces
• Interest Group Liberalism-how real?
• Civil Society as organizational, not individual,
  or the mass.

17
Governance and Sovereignty-

• The need for apathy?
• Constitutional vs. social stability
• Institutional structures and Checks and balances

18
Traditional Society

• Forms of Traditional Influence in Local
  Government
• Grass Roots- traditional governance mechanisms
  governance in sub-Saharan Africa
• The Answer or the Problem?

19
Traditional Influence-Review

• 1. Full Meeting (Town Hall style)- Direct
  Democracy
• 2. Pure Form- Traditional Councils (Appointed)
• 3. Partial- Half Elected/Half Traditional
• 4. Technical- deconcentrated. Department heads
  and Traditional (No Elections

20
Traditional Influence

• 5. Specialized- Judicial Function
• 6. Specialized Partial- Land Board (2 Trad., 2
  LG, 2 Cen. Gov.)
• 7. Bicameral- Traditional as an upper house

21
Discussion Points

• HOW IMPORTANT IS DEMOCRACY FOR DEVELOPMENT?
• HOW REALISTIC IS CIVIL SOCIETY IN AFRICA?
• CAN GOVERNMENT BE STABILIZED?

22
Discussion

• What have you been Reading?
• What Should your colleagues read?
• Logistics?