FIRST AID

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FIRST AID

• http//utpo.lf1.cuni.cz
• jana.heczkova_at_ftn.cz
• Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of
  Medicine,
• Institute of Theory and Practice of Nursing

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Contacts

• http.//utpo.lf1.cuni.cz
• Username firstaid.lf1_at_gmail.com
• Password firstaid
• jana.heczkova_at_ftn.cz
• Credits Practical exam

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First Aid

• Consent
• Conscious victim
• Unconscious victim
• Children
• Mentally incompetent victim
• Refusing help

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ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY

• Primary Survey (Initial assessment)
• Get help
• Secondary Survey (assessment)
• Provide first aid
• Reassess regularly
• Transport to health care facility

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ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY

• Primary Survey (assessment)
• Get help
• Secondary Survey (assessment)
• Provide first aid
• Reassess regularly
• Transport to health care facility

• D
• R
• s
• A
• B
• C

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ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY

• Primary Survey (assessment)
• Get help
• Secondary Survey (assessment)
• Provide first aid
• Reassess regularly
• Transport to health care facility

• Dangers
• R
• s
• A
• B
• C

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ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY

• Primary Survey (assessment)

• AVPU scale

• Dangers
• Response
• s
• A
• B
• C

• Alert and aware
• Responds to Verbal stimuli
• Responds to Painful stimuli
• Unresponsive

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ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY

• Primary Survey (assessment)
• Get help
• Secondary Survey (assessment)
• Provide first aid
• Reassess regularly
• Transport to health care facility

• Dangers
• Response
• shout for help
• A
• B
• C

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ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY

• Primary Survey (assessment)
• Get help
• Secondary Survey (assessment)
• Provide first aid
• Reassess regularly
• Transport to health care facility

• Dangers
• Response
• shout for help
• Airway
• Breathing
• Circulation

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ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY

• Primary Survey (assessment)
• Get help
• Secondary Survey (assessment)
• Provide first aid
• Reassess regularly
• Transport to health care facility

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ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY

• Get help

• Europe 112
• Local 155
• Helth care facility 4444
• What happened
• How many victims
• Where
• Who

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ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY

• Primary Survey (assessment)
• Get help
• Secondary Survey (assessment)
• Provide first aid
• Reassess regularly
• Transport to health care facility

• A
• B
• C
• D
• E

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ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY

• Primary Survey (assessment)
• Get help
• Secondary Survey (assessment)

• Airway
• B
• C
• D
• E

• Head tilt chin lift method
• Jaw thrust method

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ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY

• Secondary Survey (assessment)

• Airway
• Breathing
• C
• D
• E

• Rate
• Normal respiration 12 - 20
• Bradypnea ?
• Tachypnea ?
• Apnea
• Depth
• Ease
• Noise

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ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY

• Primary Survey (assessment)
• Get help
• Secondary Survey (assessment)
• Provide first aid
• Reassess regularly
• Transport to health care facility

• Airway
• Breathing
• Circulation
• D
• E

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ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY

• Secondary Survey (assessment)

• Airway
• Breathing
• Circulation
• D
• E

• Rate
• Normal HR 60 - 90
• Bradycardia ?
• Tachycardia ?
• Strength
• Rhythm
• Arrythmia
• Skin colour

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ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY

• Secondary Survey (assessment)

• Airway
• Breathing
• Circulation
• D
• E

• Systemic BP
• Normal BP 120140 / 60-80
• Hypertension ?
• Hypotension ?

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ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY

• Primary Survey (assessment)
• Get help
• Secondary Survey (assessment)
• Provide first aid
• Reassess regularly
• Transport to health care facility

• Airway
• Breathing
• Circulation
• Disability
• E

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ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY

• Mental status
• Pupils
• Extremities

• Secondary Survey (assessment)

• Airway
• Breathing
• Circulation
• Disability
• E

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ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY

• Eye opening
• Spontaneously 4
• To Speach 3
• To Pain 2
• None 1

• Mental status Glasgow Coma Scale
• Pupils
• Extremities

• Secondary Survey (assessment)

• Airway
• Breathing
• Circulation
• Disability
• E

• Verbal response
• Orientated 5
• Confused 4
• Inappropriate words 3
• Incomprehensible sounds 2
• None 1

• Motor response
• Obeys verbal commands 6
• Localising pain 5
• Withdraws from pain stimuli 4
• Flexing to pain 3
• Extension to pain 2
• No response 1

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ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY

• GCS
• Pupils
• Extremities

• Secondary Survey (assessment)

• Airway
• Breathing
• Circulation
• Disability
• E

• Shape
• Equality
• Response to light
• PEARL
• Pupils Equal And Reacting to Light

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ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY

• GCS
• PEARL
• Extremities

• Secondary Survey (assessment)

• Airway
• Breathing
• Circulation
• Disability
• E

• CSM
• Circulation
• Sensation
• Movement

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ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY

• Primary Survey (assessment)
• Get help
• Secondary Survey (assessment)
• Provide first aid
• Reassess regularly
• Transport to health care facility

• Airway
• Breathing
• Circulation
• Disability
• Exposure, Everything Else

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ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY

• Physical exam
• Victims chief complaint
• Head to toe examination
• Victims history

• Secondary Survey (assessment)

• Airway
• Breathing
• Circulation
• Disability
• Exposure, Everything Else

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ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY

• Physical exam
• Victims chief complaint
• Head to toe examination
• Victims history

• Secondary Survey (assessment)

• Airway
• Breathing
• Circulation
• Disability
• Exposure, Everything Else

• DOTS
• Deformity
• Open wounds
• Tenderness
• Swelling

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ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY

• Physical exam
• Victims chief complaint
• Head to toe examination
• Victims history (SAMPLE history)

• Secondary Survey (assessment)

• Airway
• Breathing
• Circulation
• Disability
• Exposure, Everything Else

• Symptoms
• Allergies
• Medications
• Past medical history
• Last oral intake
• Events leading up to the illness or injury

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ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY

• Primary Survey (assessment)
• Get help
• Secondary Survey (assessment)
• Provide first aid
• Reassess regularly
• Transport to health care facility

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ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY

• Primary Survey (assessment)
• Get help
• Secondary Survey (assessment)
• Provide first aid
• Reassess regularly
• Transport to health care facility

• Recovery position

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ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY

• Primary Survey (assessment)
• Get help
• Secondary Survey (assessment)
• Provide first aid
• Reassess regularly
• Transport to health care facility

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RESOURCES

• National Safety Council FIRST AID AND CPR.
• Chapleau, W., Pons, P. (2007) EMERGENCY MEDICAL
  TECHNICIAN. St. Louis Elsevier
• Caroline, N. (2007) EMERGENCY CARE IN THE STREET.
  6th ed. London Jones and Bartlett