Physical Development

1
Physical Development

• Infants and Toddlers

2
Physical Development

• Most rapid periods
• Infancy- birth-2
• Pubescensce

3
Development

• Cephlacaudal
• Proximodistal

4
Growth

• On average, 2-3 inches each year in height
• 5-7 pounds each year
• How tall will you be?
• Males-double height at 2
• Females-double height at 18 months

5
Influences on Growth

• Heredity
• Genetic pool
• Size of parent
• Predispositions
• Stress
• Nutrition
• Eating patterns
• Food and obesity- 27 of children are obese
• Disease
• Accidents

6
Brain Development

• Birth- 25 of adult weight
• 3 years- 80
• 10 Years- 95

7
Brain Development

• At birth- 200,000 immature neurons
• Myelination- glial cells form waxy coating called
  myelin on neural pathways
• Axons
• Dendrites
• synapses

8
Brain Development

• Sensory Systems
• Motor Systems
• Integrative Systems

9
Lateralization

• Left
• Motor control of right side
• Abstract/analytical
• Expressive language
• Math skills
• Reading abilities
• Langauges
• Myelinates more rapidly
• Growth from 3-6 years

• Right
• Motor control of left side
• Concrete/holistic
• Nonverbal expression
• Emotions
• Artistic
• Musical
• Perceptual skills
• Spatial skills
• Myelinates slower
• Growth from 8-10 years

10
Lateralzation

• Holds true for about 95 of population
• Males more distinct fissures, less in males more
  in females.

11
Senses

• Touch and Pain
• First sense to develop
• 2 months after conception
• Circumsized babies
• Warm fuzzies/rough
• Hearing
• Developed in utero
• Soft/loud male/female
• Smell and Taste
• Sweet/sour
• Pleasant odors/bad odors

12
Senses

• Vision
• 20/400-800 birth
• 20/100 6 months
• 20/40 2 years
• 20/20 5-7 years
• Patterns/plain
• Complex/simple
• Facial/anything
• Bright/dull
• Contrast/pale