Yellow Fever

1
Yellow Fever
By Michelle Willard
2
What is Yellow Fever?
Yellow Fever is an acute infectious disease of
subtropical and tropical New World areas, caused
by a filterable virus transmitted by mosquito of
the genus Aedes and characterized by jaundice and
dark- colored vomit resulting from hemorrhages.
3
Aedes Aegypti

• The Aedes Aegypti is a Mosquito native to Africa,
  that was brought to the Americas in the 1700s
  This mosquito was the first mosquito to transmit
  the Yellow Fever virus into humans.

4
Time Line

• 1684- Yellow Fever was first recorded in the
  Yucatan and Havana
• 1686- Yellow Fever hits the Americas in Brazil
• 1690- Yellow Fever makes its way to Martinique
• 1730- Hits Cadiz, Spain after mosquitoes hitch a
  ride on a ship
• 1792-1799- Yellow Fever outbreak in Santo
  Domingo, Haiti and West Indies
• 1793- First outbreak in the United States takes
  place in Philadelphia

• 1793- Philadelphia (nations capital) is shut
  down due to the outbreak
• 1878- Marseilles, France and the Port of
  Swansea in Wales is hit by the virus.
• 1878- Yellow Jack was first in effect.
• 1901- Campaign is launched to eliminate Yellow
  Fever from Havana by attacking mosquito
  breeding ground.
• 1937- First successful vaccine is developed

5
Symptoms

• Remains silent for 3-6 days during incubation
  period
• First symptom is
• Fever
• Muscle pains
• Headache
• Shivers
• Loss of appetite
• Nausea
• Vomiting

• 15 of patients enter into a toxic state within
  24 hours of infection
• Rapid development of jaundice
• Complains of abnormal pain w/ vomiting
• Bleeding from mouth, nose, eyes, and stomach
• Vomits blood
• Kidney function deteriorates
• ½ of these toxic state patients die within
  10-14 days
• Other ½ recover with sever organ damage

6
Treatment

• No specific treatment
• Re-hydration can make symptoms subside faster
• A vaccine is available, but unknown to me of the
  name

7
Bibliogrophy
Oldstone, Michael B.A. Viruses, Plagues, and
History. Oxford Oxford University Press,
1998.   Yellow Fever. Encyclopedia AMERICANA.
1985 ed.   Morris, William, ed. The American
Heritage Dictionary of the English Language.
Boston Houghton Mifflin Company,
1976.   Yellow Fever 2001. (Online) Available
http//www.who.int/inf-fs/en/fact100.html Jan.
31, 2002   Yellow Fever 2002. (Online) Available
Http//www.astdhpphe.org/infect/yellow.html Jan.
31, 2002   Yellow Fever 2001. (Online)
Available http//entomology.unl.edu/history_bug/ye
llow_fever.htm. Feb. 4, 2002   Yellow Fever 1999.
(Online) Available http//klab.agsci.colostate.edu
/aegypti/aegypti.html Feb. 4, 2002