Matter

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Matter
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Contents-

• What is matter ?
• Size of the particles of matter.
• Characteristics of particles of matter.
• States of matter.
• Solids.
• Liquids.
• Gases.
• Pictures comparing three states of matter.
• Effect of change of temperature.
• Interconversion of three states of matter.

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WHAT IS MATTER

• Everything in this universe is made up of
  material which scientists have named matter.
• Matter is made up of particles.
• EXAMPLES
• Air , food, water, stones, clouds, stars
  etc.

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CHARACTERISTICS OF PARTICLES OF MATTER

• Particles of matter have space between them.
• The particles of matter are very small- they are
  small beyond our imagination !!!!
• Particles of matter attract each other.
• Particles of matter move continuously.

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SOLIDS -

• Have a definite shape.
• Have distinct boundaries.
• Have fixed volume.
• Have negligible compressibility.
• Have a tendency to maintain their shape when
  subjected to outside force.

Examples
Pen, book , thread, brick etc.
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LIQUIDS -

• Have no fixed shape.
• Have fixed volume.
• Take up the shape of container in which they are
  kept.
• Flow and change shape so they are called fluid.

Examples
Water , oil , juice , cold drink etc.
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GASES -

• Have no fixed shape and volume.
• Are highly compressible.
• Have large space between particles.
• Particles of gases move randomly at high speed.

Examples
Air ,Oxygen, Nitrogen, CNG etc.
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Pictures Comparing Three States of Matter
SOLID
LIQUID
GAS
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EFFECT OF CHANGE OF TEMPERATURE
Heat
Heat
Solid State
Liquid State
Gaseous State
Cool
Cool

• Melting Solid -gt Liquid
• Vaporisation Liquid -gt Gas
• Condensation Gas -gt Liquid
• Freezing Liquid -gt Solid
• Sublimation Solid -gt Gas

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INTERCONVERSION OF THREE STATES OF MATTER
Liquids
FUSION
SOLIDIFICATION
CONDENSATION
VAPOURISATION
Gases
Solids
SUBLIMAION