Using Multiple Metadata Formats in DSpace

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Using Multiple Metadata Formats in DSpace

• ARD Prasad
• Indian Statistical Institute
• Bangalore, India

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MARC Metadata

• Covers all types of documents (more than 1000
  elements)
• Basically used for OPACs
• Plethora of MARCs
• Requires librarians
• Uses ISO-2709, XML

• Separate schemes for each type of document
• Web documents, digital libraries
• Plethora of meta data formats
• Meant for non-librarians
• Uses XML

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Metadata Formats

• More than two dozen formats available for every
  conceivable digital object
• ETD
• E-Learning
• E-Governance
• Geo-Spatial Data
• Architectural Drawings
• Museum items

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List of Some Metadata Formats

• DC
• METS
• MODS
• VRA Core
• SCORM
• LOM
• GEM
• EAD
• TEI
• CIMI
• PB Core
• VRA Core

• IMRC
• CDWA
• CSD GM
• MIDAS
• VERS
• DDI
• PREMIS
• CIDOC
• ETDMS
• AGLS
• GILS
• ONIX

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DSpace

• Default workflow supports Qualified Dublin Core
• DSpace OAI supports unqualified Dublin Core
• DSpace v. 1.2.2 allows you to extend to Non-DC
  formats

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Metadata Issues in DSpace

• Adding New Elements
• Input Forms
• Indexing
• Display of search results
• Import/Export
• OAI-PMH and crosswalks

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Adding New Elements

• Dublin Core Registry using DSpace administration
• Directly adding to dctyperegistry table in
  PostgreSQL

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Input Workflow

• Using the new facility by modifying
• DSPACE_HOME/config/inputforms.xml

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Indexing

• Adding the elements to be indexed in dspace.cfg
  file, so that Lucene generates indexes on desired
  elements

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Search Result Display

• Display full record need not be modified
• Default display can be changed by modifying
  ItemTag.Java file

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Import Export

• Within DSpace community, it really does not
  matter, though DSpace produces DC-like format in
  a file called dublin_core.xml file
• However, across other DL software, we should
  evolve interoperability mechanism

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OAI-PMH

• New format should appear in OAICat.properties
  file
• Java programs should be written similar to that
  of OAIDCCrosswalk.java, for each metadata format

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Issues of Crosswalk

• Crosswalk will always result in some data loss
• One should use selective harvesting by
  collection, using appropriate
• metadataPrefix verb and
• set verb for limiting the collection
• One may consider DC as the lowest common
  denominator

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Possible relations between two metadata formats

• Crosswalk can be achieved, in case of
• One to one ideal, but not real
• Many to one
• Crosswalk will be lossy, in case of
• One to many
• One to none
• None to one

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Suggestions for DSpace Development

• Inputforms.xml can be modular, so that inputforms
  can be defined in separate files for each format
• Dctyperegistry should have an element metadata
  format so that OAICat exposes metadata of
  records which were created using a specific
  format
• Perhaps OAI-PMH protocol itself requires
  modification (Imagine harvesting repositories
  with varied items and metadata formats)

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Thank You

• Please visit
• LDL Librarians Digital Library
• https//drtc.isibang.ac.in
• SDL Search Digital Libraries (Harvester)
• http//drtc.isibang.ac.in/sdl
• Our Discussion Forum (DLRG)
• http//drtc.isibang.ac.in/dlrg