Artificial Reproduction

1
Artificial Reproduction

• By Kyle Bell, Abigail Colyer, Renee Kwok, Rebecca
  Lynch, Karalen Morthole, and Siobhan Taylor

2
Most Important Qs

• Is it ethical or moral to knowingly bring a
  severely physically or mentally deformed child
  into this world?
• If this technology can be used to create
  individuals with only desired physical
  attributes, is it ethical to do so? Is it
  Playing God.

3
Other Questions Involving Artificial Reproduction

• Will children born by more unconventional means
  be treated as second class citizens?
• (Or the reverse If artificial reproduction
  continues growing in popularity, will people
  born naturally be treated as second class in the
  future?)
• Should we use this technology to try to eliminate
  all diseases? If we do, and are successful, will
  everybody have equal access to the cures?
• Will there be psychological side affects of such
  treatments?
• Do its positive uses outweigh its potential for
  destruction (genetic warfare)?
• If this technology can be used to create
  individuals with only desired physical
  attributes, is it ethical to do so?

4
Goals

• To teach the class
• What is artificial reproduction?
• The History of Artificial Reproduction
• Types of artificial reproduction
• Why is it an ethical issue
• The Churchs view on Artificial Reproduction and
  why
• The Pros and Cons of Artificial Reproduction

5
What is Artificial Reproduction?

• Artificial Reproduction is the creation of life
  by any means other than natural conception.

6
The History of AR

• Artificial Reproduction has unbelievably been
  around for a long time.
• Artificial Insemination has been around since the
  14th century. Its said that Arabs used to
  artificially inseminate horses.
• The first case of human Artificial insemination
  was in 1884. The womans name was never
  recorded. It was a rape.

• In Vitro and Fertilization
• The first records of In Vitro fertilization
  happened to be in 1881. The specimens where
  rabbits.
• The first Human case of In Vitro fertilization
  happened in 1976.

7
History of AR

• History of Cloning
• The first case of cloning took place in 1986. It
  happened in two places. In England and here in
  the United States. Both cases cloned mammals.
• In 1996 Dolly was born. This was a break through
  in cloning because it was the first time
  something was cloned from a adult cell.

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Who uses Artificial Reproduction? What is it?
Where/ When do people use it?

• Typically, couples who suffer from infertility
  problems use artificial reproduction (mainly
  artificial insemination and in vitro
  fertilization) to help them conceive if they
  cannot conceive naturally. Also, artificial
  insemination can be used for animal breeding and
  the genetic engineering of plants and livestock.
• In humans, artificial reproduction has become a
  useful, if somewhat controversial, technique to
  impregnate women who are physically capable of
  conceiving and bearing a child but who cannot do
  so through sexual intercourse, usually because
  their husband is sterile or impotent.
• "artificial insemination." Encyclopædia
  Britannica. 2006 Encyclopædia Britannica Online.
  23 Oct. 2006  lthttp//search.eb.com/eb/article-900
  9710gt.
• In vitro fertilization is generally undertaken
  only after an exhaustive evaluation of the
  infertility has been made. A number of
  candidates for IVF are women who suffer from
  blocked or absent fallopian tubes others are men
  with low sperm counts or couples whose
  infertility is unexplained.
• "in vitro fertilization." Encyclopædia
  Britannica. 2006. Encyclopædia Britannica Online.
  23 Oct. 2006  lthttp//search.eb.com/eb/article-904
  2232gt.

9
Pro/ Con Arguments

• Pros
• Gives couples who are infertile a hope of having
  a baby of their own
• Can act as a way to ensure that a baby wont
  develop genetic diseases
• Parents that Artificially Inseminate tend to be
  (better parents).
• Cons
• Doctors can be as Playing Gods
• Takes away from adoption
• Involves a third party which the church views as
  unethical
• Can be seen as baby shopping
• Theyre also health risks that take place during
  the use of Artificial Reproduction.

10
Types of Artificial Reproduction

• Artificial Insemination
• Cloning
• In Vitro Fertilization
• Embryonic Splitting
• Gift Gamete Intra-Fallopian Transfer
• Zift Zygote Intra-Fallopian Tranfer
• ICSI Intra-Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection
• PID Pre-Implantation Diagnosis
• Egg Donation
• Surrogate Mothers

11
Churchs Position-Legal Position

• Truth and Integrity
• The Value of the Individual
• The Value of the Family
• Concern for the Child

12
Most Important Qs

• Is it ethical or moral to knowingly bring a
  severely physically or mentally deformed child
  into this world?
• If this technology can be used to create
  individuals with only desired physical
  attributes, is it ethical to do so? Is it
  Playing God?

13
Bibliography

• http//library.thinkquest.org/20830/Frameless/Mani
  pulating/Experimentation/Cloning/longdoc.htm
• http//www.ivf1.com/ivf/
• http//www.humancloning.org/lamb.gif
• http//www.glbtq.com/social-sciences/artificial_in
  semination.html
• http//fubini.swarthmore.edu/WS30/WS30F1998/nrosa
  do3.html
• http//www.timelinescience.org/resource/students/i
  nferty/inftimel.htm